Abstract
A comparative study of oak ectomycorrhizae in mull (neutral) and mor (acidic) forest soils of northeastern Pennsylvania revealed pinnate morphology in the mull soils while the beaded form predominated in the mor soils. More mycorrhizae were located in the uppermost humus layers than in the lower mineralized layers of both soils. Although mycorrhizal frequency (MF) increased during the growing season in both situations, MF was greater in mull than in mor soils by autumn. Apparent healthy white oaks have higher MFs than declining trees with canopy dieback and/or small canopy to bole relationships. Fine roots (MFs, biomass, starch reserves) seem better indicators of tree health than canopies. The X-ray microanalysis of fine roots showed greater levels of heavy metals in mor than mull mycorrhizal mantles (MM) corresponding to the soil analysis of each site. Heavy metals in mor soils may interfere with mycorrhizae. Calcium and phosphorus content of MMs corresponded to their availability in soils. Calcium levels in MMs from mull soils with excessive Ca content were high while Ca levels in MMs from mor soils with less Ca were low. Furthermore, both x-ray microanalysis and tissue analysis of fine roots indicated Ca exclusion from MMs in mull soils. In contrast, Ca inclusion into MMs of mor soils where Ca availability is low suggests different mechanisms for Ca transport and compartmentalization into the MMs of these different habitats. The data for phosphorus were consistent with phosphorus accumulation by mycorrhizae from soils with low availability.
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Mineo, L., Majumdar, S.K. (1996). Ectomycorrhizae in oaks (Quercus alba, Q. rubra) in Northeastern Pennsylvania woodlands: Morphology, frequency and implied physiology and ecology. In: Mukerji, K.G. (eds) Concepts in Mycorrhizal Research. Handbook of Vegetation Science, vol 19/2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1124-1_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1124-1_11
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