Abstract
In order to prevent the loss or deterioration of food, the use of plant protection products will continue to be needed in agriculture to control pests which damage or destroy important food crops, pre- or post-harvest. With the onset of pest resistance, old products need in time to be phased out and replaced by new ones with different biochemical modes of action. Much of the research and development (R&D) required to discover new products is carried out by the crop protection industry.
Keywords
- Council Directive
- Plant Protection Product
- Commission Directive
- Predict Environmental Concentration
- Uniform Principle
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Avery, Dennis T ( 1995 ) Saving the Planet with Pesticides and Plastic (Hudson Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA).
EPPO (1993) European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation and the Council of Europe (EPPO/CoE) Environmental Risk Assessment Schemes, EPPO Bulletin Volume 23 (1).
EPPO (1994) European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation and the Council of Europe (EPPO/CoE) Environmental Risk Assessment Schemes, EPPO Bulletin Volume 24 (1).
EU (1995) Guidelines and Criteria for the Preparation and Presentation of Complete Dossiers and of Summary Dossiers for the inclusion of Active Substances in Annex I of Directive 91/414/EEC (Article 5.3 and 8.2) Document 1663/VI/94 Rev 6 (31 January 1995), Appendix 11, Example of Tier III summary — Annex III, page 197
EU (1996). Amendments to the Council Directive 91/414/EEC which give guidelines on data requirements include: Commission Directives 93/71/EEC (efficacy), 94/37/EC (physical-chemical properties), 94/43/EC (‘Uniform Principles’; efficacy and decision-making guidelines), 94/79/EC (mammalian toxicology and metabolism), 95/35/EC (derogation from GLP), 95/36/EC (environmental fate), 96/12/EC (ecotoxicology), 96/46/EC (analytical methods) and 96/68/EC (residues).
EUCP (1996). Annual Report, European Crop Protection Association 1995–96, page 8.
FOCUS (1996) Draft Report on Surface Water Models and EU Registration of Plant Protection Products (FOCUS Steering Committee, June 1996, pages 221).
Hansen, C. (1996) The Use of Environmental Safety Factors in Denmark, Brighton Crop Protection Conference — Pests & Diseases — 1996, 537.
Hill, I. R. (1985) The Pyrethroid Insecticides (pub. Taylor & Francis, ed. Leahey, J. P.), Chapter 4: ‘Effects on non-target organisms in terrestrial and aquatic environments’, pages 151–262.
Kelsey, Jason W., Kottler, Bennett D., and Alexander, Martin (1997) Environ. Sci. Technolo., 31, 214–217: Selective Chemical Extradants to Predict Bioavailability of Soil-aged Organic Chemicals.
Riley, D. (1990) Pesticide effects on Terrestrial Wildlife (pub. Taylor & Francis, Eds. Sommerville, L. and Walker, C. H.), Chapter 2: ‘Current testing in the sequence of development of a pesticide’, pages 11–24.
Solomon, Keith R. (1996) Environmental and Human Health Risk Assessments for Agrochemicals: Update on Risk Assessment in the Americas (IBC Conference, London).Urech, P. A. (1996) Is More Legislation and Regulations Needed to Control Crop Protection Products in Europe?, Brighton Crop Protection Conference — Pests & Diseases — 1996, 549.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Punja, N. (1998). Regulations and Risk Assessments of the Ecotoxicological Impact from the Use of Plant Protection Products in the European Union. In: Pugh, D.M., Tarazona, J.V. (eds) Regulation for Chemical Safety in Europe: Analysis, Comment and Criticism. Environment & Policy, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5316-4_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5316-4_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6233-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5316-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive