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Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism pp 257–281Cite as

Peroxisomes as a Source of Auxin Signaling Molecules

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Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 69))

Abstract

Peroxisomes house many metabolic processes that allow organisms to safely sequester reactions with potentially damaging byproducts. Peroxisomes also produce signaling molecules; in plants, these include the hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA). Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) is a chain-elongated form of the active auxin IAA and is a key tool for horticulturists and plant breeders for inducing rooting in plant cultures and callus. IBA is both made from and converted to IAA, providing a mechanism to maintain optimal IAA levels. Based on genetic analysis and studies of IBA metabolism, IBA conversion to IAA occurs in peroxisomes, and the timing and activity of peroxisomal import and metabolism thereby contribute to the IAA pool in a plant. Four enzymes have been hypothesized to act specifically in peroxisomal IBA conversion to IAA. Loss of these enzymes results in decreased IAA levels, a reduction in auxin-induced gene expression, and strong disruptions in cell elongation resulting in developmental abnormalities. Additional activity by known fatty acid β-oxidation enzymes also may contribute to IBA β-oxidation via direct activity or indirect effects. This review will discuss the peroxisomal enzymes that have been implicated in auxin homeostasis and the importance of IBA-derived IAA in plant growth and development.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-dichloroacetic acid

2,4-DB:

2,4-dichlorobutyric acid

ACAD:

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

APH:

Aminoglycoside phosphotransferase

Col:

Columbia-0

ECH:

Enoyl-CoA hydratase

ETF:

Electron transfer flavoprotein

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

IBR:

IBA-response

JA:

Jasmonic acid

NAA:

1-napthaleneacetic acid

PAA:

Phenylacetic acid

PED:

Peroxisome defective

PEX:

Peroxin

SDR:

Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase

Ws:

Wassilewskija

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (IOS-0845507). The authors gratefully acknowledge Matt Estep for thoughtful discussions on MEGA5 analysis. The authors apologize to all those in the community whose work could not be discussed due to space limitations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Missouri – St. Louis, St. Louis, USA

    Gretchen M. Spiess & Bethany K. Zolman

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  1. Gretchen M. Spiess
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Correspondence to Bethany K. Zolman .

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  1. , Depto. Bioquímica, Biología Celular y, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain

    Luis A. del Río

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Spiess, G.M., Zolman, B.K. (2013). Peroxisomes as a Source of Auxin Signaling Molecules. In: del Río, L. (eds) Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 69. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6889-5_14

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