The Origin of Logic

Cellucci, Carlo

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6091-2_2

Carlo Cellucci³

Part of the book series: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning ((LARI,volume 1))

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Abstract

When dealing with logic, the following three questions naturally arise:

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Notes

1.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 28 B 8.60).
2.
Ibid., 28 B 12.3.
3.
Plato, Philebus, 28 d 6–9.
4.
Plato, Gorgias, 508 a 3.
5.
Plato, Timaeus, 28 c 3–4.
6.
Ibid., 29 a 6–7.
7.
Aristotle, Metaphysica, Λ 7, 1072 b 14.
8.
Ibid., Λ 7, 1072 b 19–20.
9.
Ibid., Λ 7, 1071 b 12–13.
10.
Aristotle, Ethica Eudemea, Θ 2, 1248 a 26–27.
11.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 28 B 2.1).
12.
Ibid., 28 B 8.60.
13.
Plato, Timaeus, 90 c 7–d 1.
14.
Ibid., 47 c 3.
15.
Aristotle, Ethica Nicomachea, K 7, 1177 a 13–16.
16.
Aristotle, Metaphysica, Λ 7, 1072 b 24–25.
17.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 28 B 1.2–3).
18.
Ibid., 28 B 2.4.
19.
Plato, Phaedrus, 270 c 10–d 1.
20.
Ibid., 270 d 9–e 2.
21.
Aristotle, Metaphysica, α 3, 995 a 12–13.
22.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 28 B 7.1).
23.
Ibid., 22 B 8.11.
24.
Plato, Phaedo, 90 b 7.
25.
Plato, Sophista, 227 a 8.
26.
Aristotle, Sophistici Elenchi, 34, 183 a 37–38.
27.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 28 B 1.28–29).
28.
Plato, Respublica, VII 532 a 7–b 2.
29.
Aristotle, Analytica Priora, A 32, 47 a 2–4.
30.
Aristotle, Analytica Posteriora, A 2, 71 a 19.
31.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 28 B 7.5).
32.
Ibid., 28 B 3.1.
33.
Ibid., 28 B 8.35–36.
34.
Ibid., 28 B 4.1. Clement of Alexandria, through whom we know this passage, comments on it by saying that intuition is necessary because there are things which are never seen “with our eyes, but only with our intuition [nooi]” (Ibid., 28 B 4). Empedocles echoes the passage in question: “Gaze [derkeu] with intuition [nooi]” (Ibid., 31 B 17.21).
35.
Plato, Parmenides, 135 e 2–3.
36.
Plato, Respublica, VI 511 d 8.
37.
Aristotle, Topica, A 1, 100 a 25.
38.
Aristotle, Analytica Posteriora, B 19, 100 b 7–8.
39.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 22 A 20).
40.
Ibid., 22 B 1.
41.
Ibid., 22 A 16.
42.
Ibid., 22 B 2.
43.
The Shabaka Stone, col. 53.
44.
Ibid., col. 57.
45.
Ibid., col. 54.
46.
Plato, Timaeus, 52 d 3–4.
47.
Ibid., 52 e 1–5.
48.
Ibid., 30 a 3–5.
49.
Ibid., 30 b 3–5.
50.
Ibid., 30 b 7–c 1.
51.
Solon 4.32 (West).
52.
Euripides, Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta (Nauck), fr. 910.
53.
Ibid.
54.
Diels and Kranz (1964, 59 B 12).
55.
Ibid.
56.
Ibid.
57.
Ibid., 59 A 48.
58.
Sextus Empiricus, Adversus Dogmaticos, II.328.
59.
Aristotle, Sophistici Elenchi, 34, 183 b 34–36.
60.
Ibid., 34, 184 b 1–3.
61.
Diogenes Laertius, Vitae Philosophorum, VII.41.
62.
Cicero, De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, I.22.
63.
Alexander of Aphrodisias, In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum Primum Commentarium (Wallies), 1.3–5.
64.
Aristotle, Topica, A 14, 105 b 19–21.
65.
Aristotle, De Generatione Animalium, B 8, 747 b 28–30.
66.
Aristotle, Analytica Posteriora, A 11, 77 a 31–32.
67.
Barnes (1993, 173).
68.
Aristotle, Sophistici Elenchi, 34, 183 a 39.
69.
Aristotle never uses the titles Prior Analytics and Posterior Analytics. They were probably added by later editors to designate two parts of a single work. Aristotle only uses ta analutika.
70.
Aristotle, Topica, Θ 13, 162 b 31–32.
71.
For example, Aristotle uses hodos in Analytica Priora, A 30, 46 a 3.
72.
Plato, Phaedrus, 270 b 1–2.
73.
Ibid., 270 b 4–5.
74.
Ibid., 270 c 4–5.
75.
Aristotle, Topica, A 3, 101 b 5–6.

References

Barnes, Jonathan. 1993. Commentary. In Aristotle, Posterior analytics, ed. Jonathan Barnes, 81–271. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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Diels, Hermann Alexander, and Walther Kranz (eds.). 1964. Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker. Berlin: Weidmann.
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Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Carlo Cellucci

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Cellucci, C. (2013). The Origin of Logic. In: Rethinking Logic: Logic in Relation to Mathematics, Evolution, and Method. Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6091-2_2

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6091-2_2
Published: 17 January 2013
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6090-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-6091-2
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