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Regulated Proteolysis in Microorganisms pp 105–128Cite as

Proteolytic Regulation of Stress Response Pathways in Escherichia coli

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Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 66))

Abstract

Maintaining correct cellular function is a fundamental biological process for all forms of life. A critical aspect of this process is the maintenance of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in the cell, which is largely performed by a group of proteins, referred to as the protein quality control (PQC) network. This network of proteins, comprised of chaperones and proteases, is critical for maintaining proteostasis not only during favourable growth conditions, but also in response to stress. Indeed proteases play a crucial role in the clearance of unwanted proteins that accumulate during stress, but more importantly, in the activation of various different stress response pathways. In bacteria, the cells response to stress is usually orchestrated by a specific transcription factor (sigma factor). In Escherichia coli there are seven different sigma factors, each of which responds to a particular stress, resulting in the rapid expression of a specific set of genes. The cellular concentration of each transcription factor is tightly controlled, at the level of transcription, translation and protein stability. Here we will focus on the proteolytic regulation of two sigma factors (σ32 and σS), which control the heat and general stress response pathways, respectively. This review will also briefly discuss the role proteolytic systems play in the clearance of unwanted proteins that accumulate during stress.

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Acknowledgments

Work in the DAD laboratory is funded by the Australian Research Council.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia

    Dimce Micevski & David A. Dougan

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    David A. Dougan

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Micevski, D., Dougan, D.A. (2013). Proteolytic Regulation of Stress Response Pathways in Escherichia coli . In: Dougan, D. (eds) Regulated Proteolysis in Microorganisms. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 66. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5940-4_5

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