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Application of TILLING for Orphan Crop Improvement

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Book cover Biotechnology of Neglected and Underutilized Crops

Abstract

People in developing countries mostly depend for their diet on special staple crops, so called orphan crops. These crops play a key role in food security since they are grown by many resource-poor farmers and consumed locally. Despite their huge importance in the economy and livelihood of the developing world, orphan crops have received little attention in terms of scientific improvement. Although conventional breeding is widely implemented to improve crop plants, alternative methods such as marker-assisted breeding and reverse genetics approaches have proved to be efficient in developing crop cultivars. In this review, we present detailed description of a non-transgenic and reverse genetics technique called TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesion IN Genomes). The method was originally optimized in the model plant Arabidposis thaliana and subsequently applied to crops such as maize, wheat, and rice. We also present detailed procedures for several TILLING strategies and discuss their benefits and drawbacks. The application of the technique for orphan crop improvement is also discussed based on several TILLING platforms currently carried-out on these understudied crops of the world.

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Abbreviations

AFLPs:

Amplified fragment length polymorphisms

CAPS:

Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence

CJE:

Celery juice extract

CODDLE:

Codons optimized to detect deleterious lesions

dCAPS:

Derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences

EMS:

Ethyl methanesulphonate

HF:

Hydrogen fluoride

IRD:

Infra-red dye

MAB:

Marker-assisted breeding

MAS:

Marker-assisted selection

MNU:

N-methyl-N-nitrosourea

ODAP:

β-N-Oxalyl-L-α, β-diaminopropanoic acid

PARSESNP:

Project aligned related sequences and evaluate SNPs

SIFT:

Sorting intolerant from tolerant

SNPs:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

SSR:

Simple sequence repeats

TILLING:

Targeting induced local lesion IN genomes

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Acknowledgments

K. E. and Z. T. express their gratitude to Syngenta Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture and University of Bern for supporting the Tef Improvement Project. The TILLING research in the Uauy lab is funded by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (BB/I000712/1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tef Improvement Project, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland

    Korinna Esfeld & Zerihun Tadele

  2. John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK

    Cristobal Uauy

  3. National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK

    Cristobal Uauy

Authors
  1. Korinna Esfeld
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  2. Cristobal Uauy
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  3. Zerihun Tadele
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zerihun Tadele .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Agricultural, University of Helsinki, 5 Latokartanonkaari Room C 130, Helsinki, 00014, Finland

    Shri Mohan Jain

  2. Dept. Agricultural & Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    S. Dutta Gupta

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Esfeld, K., Uauy, C., Tadele, Z. (2013). Application of TILLING for Orphan Crop Improvement. In: Jain, S., Dutta Gupta, S. (eds) Biotechnology of Neglected and Underutilized Crops. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5500-0_6

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