Abstract
The very features that make cities feasible and desirable – their architectural structures, population concentrations, places of assembly, and interconnected infrastructure systems – also put them at high risk to floods, earthquakes, hurricanes and terrorist attacks (Godschalk 2003).
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Notes
- 1.
The average elevation of the area is approximately +3.25 m above Amsterdam Ordnance Datum (NAP) with some parts as low as +2.50 m NAP, which results in limited flooding typically once or twice a year.
- 2.
The new National Spatial Planning Act came into effect on 1 July 2008, replacing the previous act from 1965.
- 3.
The two main dimensions of urban resilience discussed above are (1) the system’s robustness (or its strength to withstand disturbance) and (2) the speed with which this recovery of function is achieved (or flexibility of response).
- 4.
Preparations for a climate adaptation programme in the Rijnmond-Drechtsteden Delta involve cooperation between national and regional governments.
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Stead, D., Taşan-Kok, T. (2013). Urban Resilience, Climate Change and Land-Use Planning in Rotterdam. In: Eraydin, A., Taşan-Kok, T. (eds) Resilience Thinking in Urban Planning. GeoJournal Library, vol 106. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5476-8_13
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