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Thin Films and Coatings in Biology pp 69–103Cite as

Modern Porous Coatings in Orthopaedic Applications

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Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

Abstract

The development of porous metals and coatings for orthopaedic applications has revolutionized the medical field. The ability to bond metallic implants to bone has spawned the advancements in total joint arthroplasty we have experienced over the last 4 decades. Early success was obtained as factors (pore size, coefficient of friction, modulus of elasticity) necessary for osseointegration were just being discovered. Despite good results, initial implant designs were fabricated utilizing traditional coatings (i.e. sintered beads, fiber metal, plasma spray), which have several inherent limitations, including relatively high moduli of elasticity, low coefficient of frictions and intermediate porosity. In order to improve upon these limitations and capitalize on modern techniques for implant fabrication several new porous metals have been recently introduced in orthopaedics. Tritanium (Stryker, Mahwah, NJ), Regenerex (Biomet, Warsaw, IN), StikTite (Smith and Nephew, Memphis, TN), Gription (Depuy, Warsaw, IN), Biofoam (Wright Medical, Arlington, TX), and Trabecular Metal (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN) are currently available for orthopaedic surgery applications. These materials have moved us into the era metallic foams that possess a characteristic appearance similar to cancellous bone. The open-cell internal structure of these metals afford several interesting biomaterial properties, including; high volumetric porosity (60–80 %), low modulus of elasticity and high surface frictional characteristics. The following chapter reviews the mode of fabrication, properties and applications in orthopaedic surgery for this new class of highly porous metals.

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  1. Adult Reconstruction Specialist and General Orthopaedic Surgeon San Diego Orthopaedic Associates Medical Group San Diego, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, CA, 92103, US

    Rachel M. Frank, David Fabi & Brett R. Levine

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    Soroush Nazarpour

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Frank, R.M., Fabi, D., Levine, B.R. (2013). Modern Porous Coatings in Orthopaedic Applications. In: Nazarpour, S. (eds) Thin Films and Coatings in Biology. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2592-8_3

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