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Progress in Hydrological Modeling over High Latitudes: Under Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS)

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Arctic Climate Change

Part of the book series: Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library ((ATSL,volume 43))

Abstract

We review achievements in hydrological modeling over high latitudes during ACSYS, including development and improvement of land surface schemes in representing cold processes, large-scale hydrological modeling over high-latitude river basins, and estimates of freshwater river inflow to the Arctic Ocean. ACSYS hydrological modeling efforts were closely linked to the GEWEX continental-scale experiments (CSEs) and to the Project for Intercomparison of Land-Surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS). Results in this review are mainly from PILPS 2(e), MAGS, BALTEX, GAME-Siberia (the latter three of which are CSEs), and other studies related to ACSYS. Based on these achievements from the 10 years efforts, the ACSYS scientific strategy for hydrology, which included adaptation of macroscale hydrological modes developed in the framework of GEWEX to Arctic (high-latitude) climate conditions and development of physical (conceptual) or parametric mesoscale hydrologic models for selected river catchments within the Arctic region, was implemented more or less as envisaged in the ACSYS Implementation Plan. In spite of major advances in high-latitude hydrological modeling during the ACSYS era, there remain important problems in parameterization of snow, frost, and lake/wetlands cold processes within climate and hydrology models and in linkages between atmospheric and hydrological models.

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Abbreviations

ACSYS:

Arctic Climate System Study

ALMA:

Assistance for Land Modeling Activities

AORB:

Arctic Ocean River Basin

ARW:

A NATO Advanced Research Workshop

BALTEX:

Baltic Sea Experiment

CGCM:

Canadian General Circulation Model

CLASS:

Canadian Land Surface Scheme

CliC:

Climate and Cryosphere project

CRCM:

Canadian Regional Climate Model

CSEs:

Continental-Scale Experiments

ECMWF:

European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts

GAME:

GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment

GEWEX:

Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment

MAGS:

Mackenzie GEWEX Study

MOSES:

The Met Office Surface Exchange Scheme

NSE:

Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency

PILPS:

Project for Intercomparison of Land-Surface Parameterization Schemes

SAST:

Snow Atmosphere Soil Transfer

SEWAB:

Surface Energy and Water Balance land surface scheme

VIC:

Variable Infiltration Capacity model

WCRP:

World Climate Research Programme

WGNE:

Working Group on Numerical Experimentation

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by NSF Grants 0230372 and 0629491 to the University of Washington.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 164 Wilcox Hall, 352700, Seattle, WA, 98195-2700, USA

    Dennis P. Lettenmaier

  2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18, Shuangqing Rd., Beijing, 100085, China

    Fengge Su

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Correspondence to Dennis P. Lettenmaier .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Polar- und Meeresforschung, Alfred-Wegener-Institut für, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Peter Lemke

  2. Alfred Wegener Institute, Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven, 27570, Germany

    Hans-Werner Jacobi

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Lettenmaier, D.P., Su, F. (2012). Progress in Hydrological Modeling over High Latitudes: Under Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS). In: Lemke, P., Jacobi, HW. (eds) Arctic Climate Change. Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library, vol 43. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2027-5_9

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