Abstract
Early successional habitats can be created with a broad array of silvicultural techniques that remove all or most canopy trees in one to several cuttings and small to large patch sizes. Composition and early structural development of the resulting vegetation can be variable. Arborescent species composition is a function of regeneration sources already present and those that arrive during or after the cutting. The suite of species available for regeneration of a site, large or small, is a cumulative effect of disturbances and varies across multiple environmental gradients that include moisture, elevation (temperature), and soil chemistry.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsLiterature Cited
Arthur MA, Muller RN, Costello S (1997) Species composition in a Central Hardwood Forest in Kentucky 11 years after clear-cutting. Am Midl Nat 137:274–281
Beck DE (1988) Regenerating cove hardwood stands. In: Smith CH, Perkey AW, Kidd WE Jr (eds) Guidelines for regenerating Appalachian hardwood stands, vol 88-03. Soc Amer For Pub, Morgantown, pp 156–166
Beck DE, Hooper RM (1986) Development of a southern Appalachian hardwood stand after clearcutting. S J Appl For 10:168–172
Berg EC, Van Lear DH (2004) Yellow-poplar and oak seedlings density responses to wind-generated gaps. In: Connor KF (ed) Proceedings of the 12th biennial southern silvicultural research conference. Gen Tech Rep SRS-73, USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, Asheville, pp 254–259
Cattelino PJ, Noble IR, Slatyer RO, Kessell SR (1979) Predicting the multiple pathways of succession. Environ Manage 3:41–50
Clements F (1916) Plant succession: an analysis of the development of vegetation, vol 242. Carnegie Inst Wash. Pub, Washington, DC
Dessecker DR, McAuley DG (2001) Importance of early successional habitat to ruffed grouse and American woodcock. Wildl Soc Bull 29:456–465
Dey DC (1991) A comprehensive Ozark regenerator. Dissertation, University of Missouri, Columbia
Egler FE (1954) Vegetation science concepts I. Initial floristic composition factor old field vegetation management. Vegetatio 4:412–417
Johnson PS (1977) Predicting oak sprouting and sprout development in the Missouri Ozarks. Res Pap NC-149, USDA Forest Service North Central Forest Experiment Station, St Paul
Johnson PS (1989) Principles of natural regeneration. In: Hutchinson JG (ed) Central hardwood notes. USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, St Paul, pp 301–305
Johnson JE, Miller GW, Baumgras JE, West CD (1998) Assessment of residual stand quality and regeneration following shelterwood cutting in Central Appalachian hardwoods. N J Appl For 15:203–210
Johnson PS, Shifley SR, Roberts R (2009) The ecology and silviculture of oaks. CABI, London
Kimmins JP (1997) Forest ecology: a foundation for sustainable management. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River
Leffelman LJ, Hawley RC (1925) The treatment of advance growth arising as a result of thinnings and shelterwood cuttings. Yale University Sch For Bull 15, New Haven
Liming FG, Johnson JP (1944) Reproduction in oak-hickory forest stands of the Missouri Ozarks. J For 42:175–180
Loftis DL (1978) Preharvest herbicide control of undesirable vegetation in southern Appalachian hardwoods. S J Appl For 2:51–54
Loftis DL (1983a) Regenerating Southern Appalachian mixed hardwood stands with the shelterwood method. S J Appl For 7:212–217
Loftis DL (1983b) Regenerating red oak on productive sites in the Southern Appalachians: a research approach. Gen Tech Rep SE-24, USDA Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, pp 144–150
Loftis DL (1985) Preharvest herbicide treatment improves regeneration in Southern Appalachian hardwoods. S J Appl For 9:177–180
Loftis DL (1989) Species composition of regeneration after clearcutting Southern Appalachian hardwoods. In Miller JH (ed) Proceedings of the fifth biennial southern silvicultural research conference. Gen Tech Rep SO-74, USDA Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, New Orleans, pp 253–257
Loftis DL (1990a) Predicting post-harvest performance of advance red oak reproduction in the Southern Appalachians. For Sci 36:908–916
Loftis DL (1990b) A shelterwood method for regenerating red oak in the southern Appalachians. For Sci 36:917–929
McGee CE (1967) Regeneration in southern Appalachian oak stands. Res Note, SE-72 USDA Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville
McGee CE (1975) Regeneration alternatives in mixed oak stands. Res Pap SE-125 USDA Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville
McGee CE, Hooper RM (1975) Regeneration trends 10 years after clearcutting of an Appalachian hardwood stand. Res Note SE-227, USDA Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville
McNab WH, Roof T, Lewis JF, Loftis DL (2006) Evaluation of landsat imagery for detecting ice storm damage to oak forests in eastern Kentucky. In: Buckley DS, Clatterbuck WK (eds) Proceedings of the 15th central hardwood forest conference. Gen Tech Rep SRS-101, USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, Asheville, pp 128–138
Merz RW, Boyce SG (1958) Reproduction of upland hardwood in southeastern Ohio. Tech Pap 155, Central States Forest Experiment Station, Columbus
Miller GW, Schuler TM (1995) Development and quality of reproduction in two-aged central Appalachian hardwoods – 10 year results. In: Gottschalk KW, Fosbroke SLC (eds) Proceedings of the 10th central hardwood forest conference. Gen Tech Rep NE-197, USDA Forest Service, Northeast Forest Experiment Station, Radnor, pp 364–374
Miller GW, Kochenderfer JN, Fekedulegn DB (2006) Influence of individual reserve trees on nearby reproduction in two-aged Appalachian hardwood stands. For Ecol Manage 224:241–251
Minkler LS (1989) Intensive group selection in central hardwoods. In: Rink G, Budelski CA (eds) Proceedings of the seventh central hardwood forest conference. Gen Tech Rep NC-132, USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul, pp 35–39
Noble IR, Slatyer RO (1980) The use of vital attributes to predict successional changes in plant communities subject to recurrent disturbances. Vegetatio 43:5–21
Nyland RD (1996) Silviculture: concepts and applications. McGraw-Hill, New York
Oliver CD, Larson BC (1990) Forest stand dynamics. McGraw-Hill, New York
Peet RK (1992) Community structure and ecosystem function. In: Glenn-Lewin DC, Peet RK, Veblen TT (eds) Plant succession: theory and prediction. Chapman-Hall, London
Sander IL (1971) Height growth of new oak sprouts depends on size of advance reproduction. J For 69:809–811
Sander IL, Clark FB (1971) Reproduction of upland hardwood forests in the Central States. In: Agri Handbook 405, USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC
Sander IL, Johnson PS, Rogers R (1984) Evaluating oak advance reproduction in the Missouri Ozarks. Res Pap NC-251, USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul
Society of American Foresters (1998) In: Helms JA (ed) The dictionary of forestry. Society of American Foresters, Bethesda
Trimble GR (1973) The regeneration of central Appalachian hardwoods with emphasis on the effects of site quality and harvesting practice. USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Upper Darby
Weigel DR, Johnson, PS (1998) Stump sprouting probabilities for Indiana oaks. Tech Brief NC-7, USDA Forest Service North Central Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul
Weigel DR, Parker GR (1997) Tree regeneration response to the group selection method in southern Indiana. N J Appl For 14:90–94
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Loftis, D.L., Schweitzer, C.J., Keyser, T.L. (2011). Structure and Species Composition of Upland Hardwood Communities After Regeneration Treatments Across Environmental Gradients. In: Greenberg, C., Collins, B., Thompson III, F. (eds) Sustaining Young Forest Communities. Managing Forest Ecosystems, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1620-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1620-9_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-1619-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-1620-9
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)