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Target Organ Damage Related to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Youth

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Book cover Evolution of Cardio-Metabolic Risk from Birth to Middle Age:

Abstract

Cardiovascular (CV) system changes are known to occur in childhood as part of the “silent” evidence of the beginning of adult heart diseases. Although autopsy studies have shown atherosclerotic accumulation of lipids and plaques in arteries of children and adolescents related to risk factors, it is now possible to study CV changes in the general population of youth. Noninvasive techniques have been developed to access underlying damage of the CV renal system. Ultrasonography measurement of carotid intima-media thickness has become an established tool for evaluating subclinical atherosclerosis in adults and is now being applied to study children, especially with hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and obesity. Other techniques are being used to study compliance and distensibility of the vascular tree, related to arterial wall stiffness resulting from hypertension and other etiologies of adult heart diseases. Noninvasive studies of the CV system are providing an excellent background to understand early changes leading to CV events in adulthood and a basis for beginning Preventive Cardiology at an early age.

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  1. Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Elaine M. Urbina

  2. Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Elaine M. Urbina

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    Gerald S. Berenson

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Urbina, E.M. (2011). Target Organ Damage Related to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Youth. In: Berenson, G. (eds) Evolution of Cardio-Metabolic Risk from Birth to Middle Age:. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1451-9_9

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