Abstract
In all likelihood, the earliest tools employed by humankind for crushing or grinding seeds, nuts, and other food-stuffs consisted of little more than a flat rock, upon which the material was crushed by pounding with a stone or tree branch. The archaeological records show that as early as 30,000 years ago, Cro-Magnon artists employed the mortar and pestle to grind and mix the pigments they used to create their magnificent “cave-art”.
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Rao, J.S. (2011). Water Wheels. In: History of Rotating Machinery Dynamics. History of Mechanism and Machine Science, vol 20. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1165-5_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1165-5_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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