Abstract
Glioblastoma (grade IV/IV astrocytoma), the most malignant type of brain tumor, occurs in all age groups with the highest incidence in older patients. Novel therapeutic strategies and molecular assays to follow treatments of suppressible targets are urgently needed. Surveys of large numbers of genes in the initial phase of tumor marker identification are currently being performed in multi-center studies. Queries of the results in national databases, such as the Respository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Database (REMBRANDT) can yield candidate tumor markers, such as those involved with upregulated glycolysis. We found that ENO1, encoding enolase 1, emerged as a tumor marker in glioblastomas. Although treatments directed at glycolytic enzymes, such as enolase, are not technically feasible, ENO1 can be used to identify associated genes that are feasible targets. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) provides the sensitivity required to detect ENO1-associated tumor markers that can serve as suppressible treatment targets. The sensitivity of RQ-PCR is also ideal for monitoring treatment response to successful cancer drugs that are developed for molecular targets. This approach to tumor marker discovery in glioblastomas is described.
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the Repository of Mole-cular for Brain Neoplasia Database (REMBRANDT) created and maintained by the NINDS, NCI, at the NIH for the availability of information on ENO1 and other genes mentioned, including the Kaplan Meier survival plots shown. We thank Ronald L. Hamilton, MD and Colleen Lovell, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, with the University of Pittsburgh Brain Bank for provision of primary brain tumor tissue. We thank Jeffrey A. Kant, MD, PhD, Melissa Melan, PhD, and J.E. Dipaola, Department of Pathology, and Ian F. Pollack, MD and Naomi A. Agostino, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh for advice and technical assistance. We thank The Walter L. Copeland Fund for Cranial Research of The Pittsburgh Foundation (D2006-0379) and the Louisiana State University-Shreveport School of Medicine 2008 Fall Grant for support.
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Beckner, M.E., Nordberg, M.L. (2011). Molecular Methods for Detection of Tumor Markers in Glioblastomas. In: Hayat, M. (eds) Tumors of the Central Nervous System, Volume 1. Tumors of the Central Nervous System, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0344-5_13
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