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Magnetic Mineralogy of a Complete Oceanic Crustal Section (IODP Hole 1256D)

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The Earth's Magnetic Interior

Part of the book series: IAGA Special Sopron Book Series ((IAGA,volume 1))

Abstract

Oceanic crust is the carrier of the marine magnetic anomalies and is therefore a valuable archive of geomagnetic information. ODP/IODP Hole 1256D was the first to sample an entire sequence of oceanic crust down to the gabbro. We studied the vertical variation of magnetic remanence carriers by means of scanning electron microscopy, microanalysis and rock magnetic measurements. The extrusive layer contains dendritic, low-temperature oxidized titanomagnetites (TMs), i.e. titanomaghemite, with initial compositions close to values previously reported for mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). The degree of low-temperature oxidation (maghemitisation) remains fairly constant across the extrusives. We explain the observed increase in Curie temperature with depth by submicron inversion of titanomaghemite to intergrowths of titanomagnetite and nonmagnetic phases, where the Ti-content of titanomagnetite is decreasing with depth. In the underlying sheeted dikes, TMs are again the primary magnetic mineral. Due to slower cooling, they are in most cases oxy-exsolved into lamellar intergrowths of Ti-poor TMs and ilmenite. The magnetominerals are altered to a much higher degree than in the extrusives. In the gabbroic part of the section, TMs reach sizes up to several mm, although the magnetic grain size remains consistently in the pseudo-single-domain range because of grain subdivision by exsolution lamellae. The extrusives carry a thermoremanent magnetisation (TRM), retaining the primary paleomagnetic direction but with a reduced remanence intensity. The sheeted dikes hold a thermo-chemical remanent magnetization (TCRM) or secondary TRM acquired during hydrothermal alteration, whereas the underlying gabbro acquired a TCRM significantly after emplacement due to slow cooling at this depth.

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Acknowledgements

This research used samples and data provided by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through its support of ODP, IODP, and the United States Science Support Program (USSSP) and through NSF grants JOI-T309A4, OCE-0727764, and EAR-IF-0710571 to Herrero-Bervera, and a USSSP Post-Expedition Activity Award and NSF grant OCE-0727576 to Acton. Additional financial support to E. H-B was provided by SOEST-HIGP. D. K. was funded by a Royal Society of Edinburgh BP Trust Research Fellowship. The views expressed are purely those of the authors and may not in any circumstances be regarded as stating an official position of the European Research Council Executive Agency. We are very grateful to the reviewers of this chapter for their very constructive criticisms particularly those of Professor Nikolai Petersen. This is a SOEST contribution number 8147 and HIGP contribution number 1890.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. European Research Council Executive Agency, B-1049, Brussels, Belgium

    David Krása

  2. Paleomagnetics and Petrofabrics Laboratory, School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology (SOEST), Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), 1680 East West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA

    Emilio Herrero-Bervera

  3. Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Gary Acton

  4. Paleomagnetics and Petrofabrics Laboratory, SOEST-HIGP, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East West Road Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA

    Sedelia Rodriguez

Authors
  1. David Krása
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  2. Emilio Herrero-Bervera
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  3. Gary Acton
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  4. Sedelia Rodriguez
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Correspondence to David Krása .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Geophysical Institute, ASCR Praha, Bocni II / 1401, Praha 4, 141 31, Czech Republic

    Eduard Petrovský

  2. School of Mathematics & Statistics, Dept. Pure Mathematics, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, New South Wales, Australia

    David Ivers

  3. National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India

    T Harinarayana

  4. School of Ocean & Earth Science &, Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii, East-West Road 1680, Honolulu, 96822, Hawaii, USA

    Emilio Herrero-Bervera

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Krása, D., Herrero-Bervera, E., Acton, G., Rodriguez, S. (2011). Magnetic Mineralogy of a Complete Oceanic Crustal Section (IODP Hole 1256D). In: Petrovský, E., Ivers, D., Harinarayana, T., Herrero-Bervera, E. (eds) The Earth's Magnetic Interior. IAGA Special Sopron Book Series, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0323-0_12

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