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The Potential Roles of Seeds and Seed Bioactives on the Prevention and Treatment of Breast and Prostate Cancer

  • Chapter
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Vegetables, Whole Grains, and Their Derivatives in Cancer Prevention

Part of the book series: Diet and Cancer ((DICA,volume 2))

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Abstract

Several seeds have been suggested to play a role in the prevention and treatment of cancer. These include flaxseed, grape seed, sesame seed, pomegranate seed, caper seed, black cumin seed, and adlay seed. This chapter describes the research to date on the determination of their anticancer effects using different experimental models (in vitro, animal, clinical), the findings identifying the active seed components, and mechanisms of action which may mediate the anticancer effects. Of the above seeds, more extensive studies have been conducted on flaxseed and grape seed particularly in relation to breast and prostate cancer; therefore they are discussed in greater detail than the others.

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Abbreviations

ALA:

α-linolenic acid

AR:

androgen receptor

BD:

basal diet

BW:

body weight

DMBA:

9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene

E2:

estradiol

EDC:

endocrine disrupting chemicals

EGF:

epidermal growth factor

END:

enterodiol

ENL:

enterolactone

ER:

estrogen receptor

FS:

flaxseed

GSE:

grape seed extract

HER2:

human epidermal growth factor receptor 2

HIF:

hypoxia-inducible factor

IGF:

insulin-like growth factor

IGFBP3:

insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3

MAPK:

mitogen activated protein kinases

MMP:

matrix metalloproteinase

MNU:

N-methyl-N-nitrosourea

OVX:

ovariectomized

PARP:

poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase

PIN:

prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

PND:

postnatal day

PR:

progesterone receptor

PSA:

prostate specific antigen

PUFA:

polyunsaturated fatty acid

SDG:

secoisolariciresinol diglycoside

TAM:

tamoxifen

TRAMP:

transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate

VEGF:

vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada

    Krista A. Power

  2. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Lilian U. Thompson

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  1. Krista A. Power
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  2. Lilian U. Thompson
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Correspondence to Krista A. Power .

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  1. , Department of Food and Environmental Sci, University of Helsinki, Agnes Sjöberginkatu 2, Helsinki, 00014, Finland

    Marja Mutanen

  2. , Department of Food and Environmental Sci, University of Helsinki, Agnes Sjöberginkatu 2, Helsinki, 00014, Finland

    Anne-Maria Pajari

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© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

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Power, K.A., Thompson, L.U. (2011). The Potential Roles of Seeds and Seed Bioactives on the Prevention and Treatment of Breast and Prostate Cancer. In: Mutanen, M., Pajari, AM. (eds) Vegetables, Whole Grains, and Their Derivatives in Cancer Prevention. Diet and Cancer, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9800-9_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9800-9_8

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  • Online ISBN: 978-90-481-9800-9

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