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Advances in Regenerative Medicine: Role of Nanotechnology, and Engineering Principles pp 285–300Cite as

Results of Biocompatibility Testing of Novel, Multifunctional Polymeric Implant Materials In-Vitro and In-Vivo

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Abstract

Extensive in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of the biocompatibility of biomaterials intended for clinical applications is necessary to provide information on the interactions that take place between the organism and these materials under specific implant conditions. Sterilization of polymer-based implant materials is a basic requirement but can lead to their damage or destruction. Low-temperature plasma (LTP) or ethylene oxide (EO) sterilization are objects of intensive research and were applied on the materials used in this program. After 4 weeks of polymer incubation in minimal essential medium (MEM), samples, sterilized by LTP, gave a markedly higher mean cell lysis rate (3.7 ± 2.5%) than EO sterilized samples (0.9 ± 0.3%). To achieve relevant in-vitro results on biomaterial-cell interactions, biocompatibility testing was carried out with cultures of locotypical cells, e.g. cells of the upper aerodigestive tract (ADT). Primary cell cultures of the oral cavity, the pharynx and the esophagus showed region-typical varying relationships between epithelial, fibroblastic and smooth muscle cells. Proper wound healing is thought to be required for the integration of biomaterials and angiogenesis is a prerequisite for this process. A focus of the present work was the influence of polymer-based implant materials and their degradation products on angiogenesis in-vivo. After 48 h, none of the polymer samples demonstrated development of an avascular region in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) test. A key process in proper wound healing is the tightly controlled degradation and regeneration of the extracellular matrix (ECM). A biomaterial for the reconstruction of the upper ADT is subjected to varying pH values and enzymatic, bacterial and mechanical stress during the digestive and the swallowing process. These complex conditions can currently only be investigated in-vivo in an animal model. As a model the stomach of the rat was selected, in which a biomaterial can be investigated under extreme chemical, enzymatic, bacteriological and mechanical conditions. Other parameters investigated are the impermeability of the polymer-tissue closure and the tissue regeneration after defect reconstruction. The fluid tight integration of a long term resorbable AB-copolymer network in the surrounding tissue of the gastric wall of Sprague Dawley rats could be demonstrated.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Marienhospital Stuttgart, Böheimstr. 37, 70199, Stuttgart, Germany

    Dorothee Rickert

  2. Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany

    Rosemarie Fuhrmann & Ralf-Peter Franke

  3. Institute of Polymer Research, GKSS Research Center Geesthacht GmbH, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany

    Bernhard Hiebl & Andreas Lendlein

Authors
  1. Dorothee Rickert
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  2. Rosemarie Fuhrmann
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  3. Bernhard Hiebl
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  4. Andreas Lendlein
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  5. Ralf-Peter Franke
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dorothee Rickert .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. Makromolekulare Chemie, Zentrum für Biologische Signalstudien, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, Freiburg, 79104, Germany

    Venkatram Prasad Shastri

  2. Avançats (ICREA), Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain

    George Altankov

  3. Geesthacht GmbH, Institut für Chemie, GKSS Forschungszentrum, Kantstraße 5, Teltow, 14513, Germany

    Andreas Lendlein

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Rickert, D., Fuhrmann, R., Hiebl, B., Lendlein, A., Franke, RP. (2010). Results of Biocompatibility Testing of Novel, Multifunctional Polymeric Implant Materials In-Vitro and In-Vivo. In: Shastri, V., Altankov, G., Lendlein, A. (eds) Advances in Regenerative Medicine: Role of Nanotechnology, and Engineering Principles. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8790-4_14

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