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Climate and Peatlands

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Book cover Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society

Part of the book series: International Year of Planet Earth ((IYPE))

Abstract

Peatlands are an important natural archive for past climatic changes, primarily due to their sensitivity to changes in the water balance and the dating possibilities of peat sediments. In addition, peatlands are an important sink as well as potential source of greenhouse gases. The first part of this chapter discusses a range of well-established and novel proxies studied in peat cores (peat humification, macrofossils, testate amoebae, stomatal records from subfossil leaves, organic biomarkers and stable isotope ratios, aeolian sediment influx and geochemistry) that are used for climatic and environmental reconstructions, as well as recent developments in the dating of these sediments. The second part focuses on the role that peatland ecosystems may play as a source or sink of greenhouse gases. Emphasis is placed on the past and future development of peatlands in the discontinuous permafrost areas of northern Scandinavia, and the role of regenerating mined peatlands in north-western Europe as a carbon sink or source.

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Acknowledgments

WF is thankful to M. Gagen, D. McCarroll, F. Wagner-Cremer and H.H. Birks for discussions, to the Millennium Project (EU-FP6 contract 017008) and the AXA Research Fund for financial support. Funding to ML by the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP; Outgoing Fellowship KOLUMB) is acknowledged. Work by EADM and ES was funded by EU project RECIPE (n° EVK2-2002-00269). The Swiss part of RECIPE was funded by the State Secretariat for Education and Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geography, University of Bern, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland

    Rixt de Jong

  2. School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland

    Maarten Blaauw

  3. Department of Natural and Social Sciences, Centre for Environmental Change and Quaternary Research, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK

    Frank M. Chambers

  4. Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, SE 223 62, Lund, Sweden

    Torben R. Christensen, Margareta Johansson & Ulla Kokfelt

  5. Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, SE 901 87, Umeå, Sweden

    François de Vleeschouwer

  6. Centre for Bio-Archaeology and Ecology (UMR 5059 CNRS), University of Montpellier 2, F-34090, Montpellier, France

    Walter Finsinger

  7. Finnish Environment Institute, 00251, Helsinki, Finland

    Stefan Fronzek

  8. Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, PL-61-680, Poznan, Poland

    Mariusz Lamentowicz

  9. Ecosystem Boundaries Research Unit, Wetlands Research Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Mariusz Lamentowicz, Edward A.D. Mitchell & Emanuela Samaritani

  10. EcoLab UMR CNRS 5245, Toulouse and EcoLab/Campus Ensat, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France

    Gaël Le Roux

  11. School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UF, UK

    Dmitri Mauquoy

  12. Laboratory of Soil Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, CH-2009, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

    Edward A.D. Mitchell & Emanuela Samaritani

  13. Laboratoire des Systèmes écologiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Edward A.D. Mitchell & Emanuela Samaritani

  14. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY, 10025, USA

    Jonathan E. Nichols

  15. Department of Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Bas van Geel

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  1. Technology Organisation, Div. Environment, Australian Nuclear Science &, Menai, 2234, New South Wales, Australia

    John Dodson

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de Jong, R. et al. (2010). Climate and Peatlands. In: Dodson, J. (eds) Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society. International Year of Planet Earth. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8716-4_5

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