Abstract
Despite the enormous input into the worldwide development of fish and shellfish farming in the recent decades, in part as an attempt to minimize the impact of fishing on already overexploited natural populations, the application of genomics to aquaculture and fisheries remains poorly developed. Improving state-of-the-art genomics research in various aquaculture systems, as well as its industrial applications, remains one of the major challenges in this area and should be the focus of well developed strategies to be implemented in the next generation of projects. This chapter will first provide an overview of the genomic tools and resources available, then discuss the application of genomic approaches to the improvement of fish and shellfish farming (e.g. breeding, reproduction, growth, nutrition and product quality), including the evaluation of stock diversity and the use of selection procedures. The chapter will also discuss the use of genomic approaches to study and monitor natural fish and shellfish populations and to understand interactions within their ecosystems.
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- 1.
Fst is the proportion of the total genetic variance which can be ascribed to population differences. Fst can attain values between 1, when populations are completely isolated, and 0 when there is no apparent reproductive isolation among samples. Intermediate values represent different levels of migration among populations.
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Acknowledgments
The inspiration for this chapter originates from the EU-FP6 Network of Excellence Marine Genomics Europe (GOCE-CT-2004-505403) and the EU-FP6 STREP projects Combined genetic and functional genomic approaches for stress and disease resistance marker-assisted selection in fish and shellfish (Aquafirst; STREP-2004-513692), Fisheries induced evolution (FinE; STREP-2007-44276) and EU-FP7 KBBE-2007-1.2-14 project The structure of fish populations and traceability of fish and fish products (FishPopTrace; KBBE-2007-1.2-14).
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Cancela, M.L. et al. (2010). Genomic Approaches in Aquaculture and Fisheries. In: Cock, J., Tessmar-Raible, K., Boyen, C., Viard, F. (eds) Introduction to Marine Genomics. Advances in Marine Genomics, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8639-6_7
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