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Estratto

Con il termine di sindrome di Eisenmenger si intende una ipertensione polmonare con uno shunt centrale invertito. Un importante shunt centrale di tipo sinistro-destro non corretto causa un progressivo ed eventualmente irreversibile aumento delle resistenze vascolari polmonari (RVP), a sua volta causa di una inversione dello shunt o di uno shunt bidirezionale con conseguente ipossiemia. La malattia vascolare polmonare ostruttiva indotta dall’alto flusso dello shunt è responsabile del progressivo innalzamento delle RVP. Ancorché il dottor Paul Wood abbia identificato 12 differenti cardiopatie congenite intra-cardiache o extra-cardiache che possono causare la sindrome di Eisenmenger, il difetto interventricolare (DIV) (Figg. 20.1 e 20.2), il difetto settale atrioventricolare (CAV) e il dotto arterioso pervio (PDA) rappresentano circa il 70–80% di questi casi. Cause meno frequenti possono essere il truncus arteriosus, connessioni aortopolmonari indotte chirurgicamente, forme complesse di atresia polmonare e cuori univentricolari. Negli shunt ampi la malattia vascolare polmonare si sviluppa rapidamente, generalmente nei primi due anni di vita.

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© 2007 Springer-Verlag Italia

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(2007). Sindrome di Eisenmenger. In: Cardiopatie congenite dell’adulto. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0526-6_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0526-6_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

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