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Metagenomic Approaches in Understanding the Rumen Function and Establishing the Rumen Microbial Diversity

  • Chapter
Climate Change Impact on Livestock: Adaptation and Mitigation

Abstract

Livestock production in developing countries is subsidiary to plant agriculture. In tropical countries, ruminants are fed on lignocellulosic by-products like cereal straws, tree foliages, and cakes of oilseeds. The rumen harbors complex microbial communities which play a critical role in efficient utilization of such complex plant materials. The metagenome of the rumen is considered a determining factor for the efficiency of the particular digestive metabolism of ruminants as well as the accompanying environmental problems. Gene signature and biological fingerprinting of microorganisms present in ruminants is an important area of scientific research. Recent advances in the ruminant gut microbiology and genomics now offer new opportunities to conduct a more holistic examination of the structure and function of rumen ecology. The importance of rumen microbial signature and diversity of microorganisms in the ruminant forestomach has gained increasing attention in response to recent trends in global livestock production. Applied metagenomics has the potential for providing insight into the functional dynamics of the ruminomics database and will help to achieve a major goal of rumen ecosystem; microbial communities function and interact among these microbes as well as with the host. In this book chapter, we highlight recent studies of the buffalo rumen microbiome in rumen ecology, nutrition, animal efficiency, and microbial function.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Xcelris Genomics, Xcelris Labs Ltd, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    K. M. Singh & S. K. Chikara

  2. Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560030, India

    M. Bagath

  3. Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India

    C. G. Joshi

  4. Department of Bioscience, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India

    R. K. Kothari

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  4. C. G. Joshi
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  5. R. K. Kothari
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Correspondence to K. M. Singh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Veerasamy Sejian

  2. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia

    John Gaughan

  3. Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA

    Lance Baumgard

  4. ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Cadaba Prasad

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Singh, K.M., Bagath, M., Chikara, S.K., Joshi, C.G., Kothari, R.K. (2015). Metagenomic Approaches in Understanding the Rumen Function and Establishing the Rumen Microbial Diversity. In: Sejian, V., Gaughan, J., Baumgard, L., Prasad, C. (eds) Climate Change Impact on Livestock: Adaptation and Mitigation. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2265-1_14

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