Introduction

Abstract

Numerical simulation has developed to a key technology in scientific and industrial applications. Still, despite the growing capabilities of modern computers, they are not able to cope with increasing demands of numerical simulation of real-life problems, that raise in the same manner. The limitations are always found in memory or time, when the models get more and more complex and large-scale. It is one of the tasks of numerical analysis to contribute from analytical as well as from algorithmic point of view, that the resources in simulation are used efficiently. One of the most prominent methods for solving partial differential equations is the finite element method (FEM). It is very versatile and can be applied to a wide range of problems on different computational domains. Local refinement and adaptivity for finite elements have been and still are research topics for decades and remarkable progress was made.