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Expression and Distribution of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Receptor in Reactive Astrocytes Induced by Global Brain Ischemia in Mice

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Brain Edema XV

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 118))

Abstract

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide acting as a neuroprotectant. We previously showed that PACAP receptor (PAC1R) immunoreactivity was elevated in reactive astrocytes after stab wound injury. However, the pattern of PAC1R expression in astrocytes after brain injury is still unknown. In this study, PAC1R expression was evaluated in mouse hippocampal astrocytes after bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. PAC1R mRNA levels in the hippocampus peaked on day 7, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA levels increased from day 3 to day 7 after ischemia. We then observed co-localization of PAC1R and GFAP by double immunostaining. GFAP-immunopositive cells showed signs of hypertrophy 3 days after the ischemia, and by day 7 had fine processes, were hypertrophied, and are known as reactive astrocytes. A low number of PAC1R-immunopositive astrocytes were detectable in the hippocampal area until 3 days after ischemia. PAC1R-positive astrocytes were widely distributed in the hippocampus between day 7 and day 14 after ischemia, and they were converging around the damaged CA1 pyramidal cell layer by day 28. These results suggest that PAC1R might be expressed in the middle to late stage of reactive astrocytes and PACAP plays an important role in the reactive astrocytes after brain injury.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by a Special Research Grant-in-Aid for Development of Characteristic Education and the High-Technology Research Center Project from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (T.N. and S.S.) and Research on Health Sciences focusing on Drug Innovation from The Japan Health Sciences Foundation (S.S).

Conflict of InterestWe declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Tomoya Nakamachi, Jozsef Farkas, Nobuyuki Kagami, Yoshihiro Wada, Motohide Hori, Daisuke Tsuchikawa, Masashi Tsuchida, Akira Yoshikawa, Nori Imai & Seiji Shioda PhD

  2. Center for Biotechnology, Showa University, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Tomoya Nakamachi & Satoru Atrata

  3. Institute of Laboratory Animals, Showa University, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Tomohiko Hosono, Satoru Atrata & Seiji Shioda PhD

Authors
  1. Tomoya Nakamachi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seiji Shioda PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Neurological Surgery, Nihon University, Oyaguchikami-machi 30-1, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan

    Yoichi Katayama

  2. School of Medicine, Departments of Neurological Surgery and, Nihon University, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan

    Takeshi Maeda

  3. , Department of Clinical Laboratory, Namegata District General Hospital, 98-8 Inouefujii, Namegata 98-8, Ibaraki, 311-3516, Japan

    Toshihiko Kuroiwa

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Nakamachi, T. et al. (2013). Expression and Distribution of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Receptor in Reactive Astrocytes Induced by Global Brain Ischemia in Mice. In: Katayama, Y., Maeda, T., Kuroiwa, T. (eds) Brain Edema XV. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 118. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1434-6_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1434-6_9

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