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Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection pp 107–119Cite as

Prevention and therapy - more than trial and error

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Abstract

Given the importance of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) as a potentially preventable cause of disability in children, it is logical to consider it for potential inclusion in public health newborn screening [1]. This statement is in polar opposite to an opinion published years before which concluded that no screening program for congenital cytomegalovirus infection is justified [2]. These two examples stand for two groups of scientists, the one being optimistic seeing a benefit in promoting CMV awareness in the community, the other being afraid to open Pandora’s Box [1–4]. It is written: ‘For in much wisdom is much grief: and he that increases the knowledge increases the sorrow’ (Ecclesiastes 1:18). But it is also written: ‘The simple believes everything, but the prudent looks where he is going’. (Proverbs 14:15). The easiest way to prevent congenital cytomegalovirus is the teaching and implementation of hygiene interventions [4]. We now know the risk factors for congenital CMV infection. Caring for preschool children is one of them [5–7]. The problem is the lack of knowledge and awareness of congenital CMV among women. In one study only 22% of women had heard of congenital CMV, compared with 98% who had heard of HIV/AIDS [8]. Thereby seroconversion rates consistently decrease as CMV education and support increases [9, 10]. Hygienic practices to reduce risk of CMV infection for women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant are simple [8]:

  • - Thoroughly wash hands with soap and warm water after activities such as

    • Diaper changes

    • Feeding or bathing child

    • Wiping child’s runny nose or drool

    • Handling child’s toys

  • - Do not share cups, plates, utensils, toothbrushes or food.

  • - Do not kiss on or near the mouth.

  • - Do not share towels or washcloths.

  • - Clean toys, countertops, and other surfaces that come in contact with urine or saliva. Along with educational behavioural changes, therapy with antivirals, prevention and/or therapy by administering CMV-specific hyperimmunoglobulin, and active immunisation/vaccination are discussed strategies.

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  1. Department for Laboratory Medicine, Regional Hospital Steyr, Steyr, Austria

    Prim. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Gabriele Halwachs-Baumann MSc, MBA

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    Gabriele Halwachs-Baumann MSc, MBA

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Halwachs-Baumann, G. (2011). Prevention and therapy - more than trial and error. In: Halwachs-Baumann, G. (eds) Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0208-4_6

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