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Quality Living Through Chemurgy and Green Chemistry pp 99–128Cite as

Characterization and Engineering of Seaweed Degrading Enzymes for Biofuels and Biochemicals Production

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Part of the book series: Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology ((GCST))

Abstract

Exploitation of natural sources and increasing concerns of environmental pollution are motivating a growing interest in renewable and sustainable feedstocks for biochemicals and biofuels. Marine macroalgae have many advantages over terrestrial plant biomass, including high carbohydrate content which converts seaweed in a cogent alternative feedstock. Algal carbohydrates show a diverse sugar composition, which implies that specialized enzymatic systems are required for their conversion into biofuels and chemicals. Discovery and characterization of degrading enzymes and assimilating the relevant pathways is a key step in the depolymerization of algal polysaccharides into fermentable sugars and their metabolism by fermenting microorganisms. Current advances in metabolic engineering have generated new microorganisms capable of efficiently metabolizing macroalgal carbohydrates while producing ethanol, the target product. However, more research is required to unlock the full potential of macroalgae biomass as a feedstock for biochemical and biofuels production. This book chapter provides an overview of seaweed polysaccharides properties, degrading enzymes, and their application in the bioconversion of macroalgae into biofuels and biochemicals.

Eva Garcia-Ruiz and Ahmet Badur have contributed equally.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under Award Number ER65474 for financial support.

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  1. Ahmet Badur

    Present address: Illumina, 5200 Illumina Way, San Diego, California, 92122, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    Eva Garcia-Ruiz & Huimin Zhao

  2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    Ahmet Badur & Christopher V. Rao

  3. Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    Huimin Zhao

Authors
  1. Eva Garcia-Ruiz
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  2. Ahmet Badur
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  3. Christopher V. Rao
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  4. Huimin Zhao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Huimin Zhao .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Inst. of Industrial Biotech. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China

    Peter C.K. Lau

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Garcia-Ruiz, E., Badur, A., Rao, C.V., Zhao, H. (2016). Characterization and Engineering of Seaweed Degrading Enzymes for Biofuels and Biochemicals Production. In: C.K. Lau, P. (eds) Quality Living Through Chemurgy and Green Chemistry. Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53704-6_5

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