Summary
A review of recent results on electron-microscopy investigations of quasicrystalline materials is presented with special emphasis on thermodynamically stable quasicrystals. Also, an introduction into the technique of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) as well as into convergent beam electron diffraction and Kikuchi line pattern techniques is given. Additionally, techniques sensitive to thin surface layers and especially their application to quasicrystals are discussed: secondary electron imaging, X-ray photoelectron scattering, electron backscattering diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy.
The HRTEM technique is illustrated with examples of the structural investigation of decagonal d-Al—Mn—Pd and d-Al—Co—Ni quasicrystals as well as the icosahedral (i-) phases in the systems Al—Cu—Li, Al—Mn—Pd and Al—Cu—Fe. The role of atom clusters in the structural analysis of quasicrystals is emphasized and reviewed. It is shown that a statistical analysis of the long-range translational order in stable decagonal quasicrystals can be made using HRTEM images. Investigations of the structure of dodecagonal, octagonal and cubic quasicrystals by HRTEM imaging in combination with electron-diffraction techniques are discussed, and the application of aperiodic twelve-fold symmetric tilings is treated.
Keywords
- Surface Investigation
- Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Image
- Icosahedral Quasicrystal
- Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction Pattern
- Decagonal Quasicrystal
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Audier M., Pannetier J., Leblanc M., Janot C., Lang J.-M., Dubost B. (1988): Physica B 153, 136
Audier M., Guyot P., de Boissieu M., Menguy N. (1993): J. Non-Cryst. Solids 153&154, 591
Baake M., Joseph D., Kramer P. (1993): Crystal-Quasicrystal Transitions, eds. M.J. Yacaman and M. Torres, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 173–191
Baumgarte A., Schreuer J., Estermann M.A., Steurer W. (1997): Philos. Mag. A 75, 1665
Beeli C. (1992): Ph.D. thesis, ETH Zurich, No. 9801
Beeli C. (1994): Phys. Rev. B 49, 6398
Beeli C. (1997): Proc. Group 21, Physical Appl. and Math. Aspects of Geometry, Groups and Algebras, eds. H.-D. Doebner, W. Scherer and C. Schulte, World Scientific, Singapore, Vol. II, pp. 939–946
Beeli C., Horiuchi S. (1997): Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Quasicrystals, eds. S. Takeuchi and T. Fujiwara, World Scientific, Singapore, p. 31–34
Beeli C., Nissen H.-U., Robadey J. (1991): Philos. Mag. Lett. 63, 87
Beeli C., Stadelmann P., Gödecke T., Lück R. (1995): Proc. Aperiodic ’94, World Scientific, Singapore, p. 362
Beeli C., Stadelmann P., Gödecke T., Lück R. (1995): Quasicrystals, eds. C. Janot and R. Mosseri, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 664–667
Bendersky L. (1985): Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 1461
Bendersky L. (1986): J. Phys. France, 47, C3, 457
Biggs B.D., Pierce F.S., Poon S.J. (1992): Europhys. Lett. 19, 415
de Boissieu M., Janot C., Dubois J.-M. (1988): Europhys. Lett. 7, 593
de Boissieu M., Janot C., Dubois J.-M., Audier M., Dubost B. (1988): J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 3, 1
de Boissieu M., Boudard M., Ishimasa T., Elkaim E., Lauriat J.P., Letoublon A., Audier M., Duneau M., Davroski A. (1998): Philos. Mag. A 78, 305
Bolliger B., Erbudak M., Hochstrasser M., Kortan A.R., Zurkirch M. (1996): Phys. Rev. B 54, R15598; and
Zurkirch M. (1997): Ph.D. thesis, ETH Zurich, No. 12444
Booker G.R., Shaw A.M.B., Whelan M.J., Hirsch P.B. (1967): Philos. Mag. 16, 1185
Boudard M., de Boissieu M., Vincent H., Heger G., Beeli C., Nissen H.-U., Ibberson R., Audier M., Dubois J.-M., Janot C. (1992): J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 4, 10149
Boudard M., Klein H., de Boissieu M., Audier M., Vincent H. (1996): Philos. Mag. A 74, 939
Cahn J.W., Shechtman D., Gratias D. (1986): J. Mater. Res. 1, 13
Cahn J.W., Gratias D., Mozer B. (1988): J. Phys. France 49, 1225
Calvayrac Y. (1996): J. Phys. IV France 6, C2, 21
Cantoni M., Nissen H.-U., Beeli C. (1989): Proc. 3eme Colloque sur les Quasicristaux, Nancy, p. C1
Capitan M.J., Bessiere M., Lefebvre S., Calvayrac Y., Quivy A., Gratias D. (1995): Quasicrystals, eds. C. Janot and R. Mosseri, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 652–655
Chen H., Li D.X., Kuo K.H. (1988): Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1645
Coates D.G. (1967): Philos. Mag. 16, 1179
Conrad M., Harbrecht B., Krumeich F. (1998): Proc. Aperiodic ’97, World Scientific, Singapore, 199;
see also Krumeich F., Conrad M., Nissen H.-U., Harbrecht B. (1998): Philos. Mag. Lett. 78, 357
Cornier-Quiquandon M., Quivy A., Lefebvre S., Elkaim E., Heger G., Katz A., Gratias D. (1991): Phys. Rev. B 44, 2071
Cowley J.M. (1990): Diffraction Physics, North Holland, Amsterdam, 2nd edn.
Dingley D.J. (1981): Scanning Electron Microscopy 4, 273
Dénoyer F., Heger G., Lambert M., Lang J.-M., Sainfort P. (1987): J. Phys. France 48, 1357
Donnadieu P., Su H.L., Harmelin M., Effenberg G., Aldinger F. (1996): J. Phys. I France 6, 1153
Duneau M., Katz A. (1985): Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 2688
Duneau M., Oguey C. (1989): J. Phys. France 50, 135
Ebalard S., Spaepen F. (1989): J. Mater. Res. 4, 39
Ebert Ph., Feuerbacher M., Tamura N., Wollgarten M., Urban K. (1996): Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3827
Edagawa K., Ichihara M., Suzuki K., Takeuchi S. (1992): Philos. Mag. Lett. 61, 15
Elser V. (1986): Acta Crystallogr. A42, 36
Elser V. (1996): Philos. Mag. B 73, 641
Elswijk H.B., de Hosson J.T.M., van Smaalen S., de Boer J.L. (1988): Phys. Rev. B38, 1681
Erbudak M., Hochstrasser M., Schulthess T., Wetli E. (1993): Philos. Mag. Lett. 68, 179
Erbudak M., Nissen H.-U., Wetli E., Hochstrasser M., Ritsch S. (1994): Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3037; and
Bolliger B., Erbudak M., Vvedensky D.D., Zurkirch M., Kortan A.R. (1998): Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 5369
Fadot F. (1993): Ann. Chim. France 18, 445–456
Feng Y.C., Lu G., Ye H.Q., Kuo K.H., Withers L.R., van Tendeloo G. (1990): J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2, 9749
Gähler F. (1988): In Quasicrystalline Materials, eds. C. Janot and J.-M. Dubois, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 272–284
Gähler F. (1988): Ph.D. thesis ETH Zurich, Switzerland, No. 8414
Gayle F.W., Shapiro A., Biancaniello F.S., Boettinger W.J. (1992): Metal. Trans. A 23, 2409
Ge S.P., Kuo K.H. (1997): Philos. Mag. Lett. 75, 245
Gödecke T., Lück R. (1995): Z. Metallkd. 85, 695
Gödecke T., Lück R., Beeli C. (1995): Quasicrystals, eds. C. Janot and R. Mosseri, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 644–47
Gödecke T., Scheffer M., Lück R., Ritsch S., Beeli C. (1997): Z. Metallkd. 88, 687
Goldman A.I., Guryan C.A., Stephens P.W., Parsey Jr. J.M., Chen H.S., Aeppli G., Gayle F.W. (1988): Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 1962
Goodhew P.J., Humphreys F.J. (1988): Electron Microcopy and Analysis, 2nd edn. Talor & Francis, London
Grushko B. (1993): Mater. Trans. JIM 34, 116
Grushko B., Wittmann R., Urban K. (1994): Philos. Mag. Lett. 67, 25
Gummelt P. (1996): Geometriae Dedicata 62, 1 and
Gummelt P. (1995): Quasicrystals, eds. C. Janot and R. Mosseri, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 84–87
Häussler D., Beeli C., Nissen H.-U. (1997): Philos. Mag. Lett. 75, 117
He L.X., Zhang Z., Wu Z.K., Kuo K.H. (1988): Proc. EUREM 88, Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. 93, 501 and
He L.X., Zhang Z., Wu Z.K., Kuo K.H. (1990): Philos. Mag. Lett. 61, 15
Henley C.L. (1991) in: Quasicrystals: The State of the Art, eds. C.P. DiVincenzo and P.J. Steinhardt, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 429–524; and
Henley C.L. (1987): Comments Condens Matter Phys. 13, 59
Henley C.L. (1997): private communication, ICQ6 Tokyo
Hiraga K. (1990): Springer Series in Solid State Physics Vol. 93, Quasicrystals, eds. T. Fujiwara and T. Ogawa, Springer, Berlin, pp. 68–77
Hiraga K., Shindo D. (1989): Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 28, 2556
Hiraga K., Sun W. (1993): Philos. Mag. Lett. 67, 117
Hirsch P.B., Howie A., Nicholson R.B., Pashley D.W., Whelan M.J (1977): Electron microscopy of thin crystals, 2nd rev. edition, Malabar, Florida Krieger (ISBN 0–88275–376–2)
Horiuchi S. (1994): Fundamentals of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, North Holland, Amsterdam
Hovmöller S., Liang J.C. (1995): Phil. Mag. Lett. 71, 123
Ishimasa T. (1995): Philos. Mag. Lett. 71, 65
Ishimasa T., Mori M. (1992): Philos. Mag. B66, 513
Ishimasa T., Nissen H.-U., Fukano Y. (1985): Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 511
Ishimasa T., Nissen H.-U., Fukano Y. (1988): Philos. Mag. A 58, 835
Ishimasa T., Fukano Y., Tsuchimori M. (1988): Philos. Mag. Lett. 58, 157
Ishizuka K. (1980): Ultramicroscopy 5, 55
Janner A., Janssen T. (1977): Phys. Rev. B 15, 643
Janssen T. (1986): Acta Crystallogr. A 42, 261
Jaric M.V., Qiu S.Y. (1990): In Quasicrystals, Springer Series in Solid State Sciences Vol. 93, eds. T. Fujiwara and T. Ogawa, Springer, Berlin, p. 48;
as well as in Jaric M.V., Qiu S.Y. (1993): Acta Crystallogr. A 49, 576;
and in Jaric M.V., Qiu S.Y. (1994): Phys. Rev. B 49, 6614
Jeong H.C., Steinhardt P.J. (1996): Nature 382, 433 and
Jeong H.C., Steinhardt P.J. (1997): Phys. Rev. B 55, 3520
Joseph D., Baake M. (1996): J. Math. Gen. A 29, 6709
Joseph D., Elser V. (1997): Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1066
Joseph D., Ritsch S., Beeli C. (1997): Phys. Rev. B 55, 8175
Kalning M., Kek S., Krane H.G., Dorna V., Press W., Steurer W. (1997): Phys. Rev. B 55, 187
Katz A., Gratias D. (1995): Quasicrystals, eds. C. Janot and R. Mosseri, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 164–167
Kelton F., Kim W.J., Stroud R.M. (1997): Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 3230
Kortan A.R., Becker R.S., Thiel F.A., Chen K.S. (1990): Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 200
Kortan A.R., Thiel F.A., Kopylov N., Chen H.S. (1993): J. Cryst. Growth 128, 1086
Koshikawa N., Edagawa K., Honda Y., Takeuchi S. (1993): Mater. Trans. JIM 34, 188
Kossel W., Möllenstedt G. (1938): Naturwissenschaften 26, 660
Krakow W., diVincenzo S.P., Bancel P.A., Cockayne E., Elser V. (1993): J. Mater. Res. 8, 24
Kramer P. (1999): J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 32, 5781
Kramer P., Neri R. (1984): Acta Crystallogr. A 40, 580
Levine D., Steinhardt P.J. (1984): Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 2477
Luo Z., Zhang S., Tang Y., Zhao D. (1993): Scr. Met. Mater. 28, 1513
Lück R., Scheffer M., Gödecke T., Ritsch S., Beeli C. (1998): Quasicrystals, MRS Symposium Proceedings Vol. 553, 25
Mihalkovic M. (1997): Mater. Sci. Eng. A 226–228, 961
Naumovic D., Aebi P., Schlapbach L., Beeli C. (1997): New Horizons in Quasicrystals, Research and Applications, eds. A.I. Goldmann, D.J. Sordelet, P.A. Thiel, J.M. Dubois, World Scientific, Singapore, p. 86
Naumovic D., Aebi P., Beeli C., Schlapbach L. (1999): Surface Sci. 435, 302
Naumovic D., Aebi P., Schlapbach L., Beeli C., Lograsso T.A., Delaney D.W. (1999): Phys. Rev. B 60, R16330
Niikura A., Tsai A.P., Inoue A., Masumoto T. (1994): Philos. Mag. Lett. 66, 259
Nissen H.-U., Beeli C. (1993): J. Mod. Phys. B 7, 1387
Nissen H.-U., Beeli C. (1993): J. Non-Cryst. Solids 153&154, 68
Ohashi W., Spaepen F. (1987): Nature 320, 555
Okabe T., Furihata J.I., Morishita K., Fujimori H. (1993): Philos. Mag. Lett. 66, 259
Osterwalder J., Greber T., Stuck A., Schlapbach L. (1991): Phys. Rev. B 44, 13764 and
(1993): Naumovic D., Stuck A., Greber T., Osterwalder J., Schlapbach L., Phys. Rev. B 47, 7462
Papadopolos Z., Kramer P., Kasner G., Bürgler D.E. (1998): Quasicrystals, Symposium Proceedings Vol. 553, p.231, Materials Research Society (MRS), Warrendale, Pensylvania, USA
Penrose R. (1974): J. Inst. Math. Appl. 10, 266
Reimer L. (1993): Transmission Electron Microscopy, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin
Ritsch S. (1996): Ph.D. thesis, ETH Zurich, No. 11730
Ritsch S., Beeli C., Nissen H.-U., Lück R. (1995): Philos. Mag. A 71, 671
Ritsch S., Nissen H.-U., Beeli C. (1995): Quasicrystals, eds. C. Janot and R. Mosseri, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 216–219
Ritsch S., Nissen H.-U., Beeli C. (1996): Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2507
Ritsch S., Beeli C., Nissen H.-U. (1996): Philos. Mag. Lett. 74, 203
Ritsch S., Beeli C., Nissen H.-U., Gödecke T., Scheffer M., Lück R. (1996): Philos. Mag. Lett. 74, 99
Ritsch S., Beeli C., Nissen H.-U. (1997): Phil. Mag. Lett. 75, 49, addendum to Ref. [112]
Ritsch S., Nissen H.-U., Beeli C. (1997): Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Quasicrystals, eds. S. Takeuchi and T. Fujiwara, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 367–370
Ritsch S., Beeli C., Lück R., Hiraga K. (1999): Philos. Mag. Lett. 79, 225
Ritsch S., Radulescu O., Beeli C., Warrington D.H., Lück R., Hiraga K. (2000): Philos. Mag. Lett. 80, 107
Sato T.J., Abe E., Tsai A.P. (1997): Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, L1038
Sainfort P., Dubost B., Dubus A. (1985): Comptes Rendues Acad. Sc. Paris, 301, serie II, 689 and
Sainfort P., Dubost B., Dubus A. (1986): J. Phys. France 47, C3, 321
Schaub T.M., Bürgler D.E., Güntherodt H.-G., Suck J.-B. (1994): Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1255
Schaub T.M., Bürgler D.E., Güntherodt H.-G., Suck J.-B., Audier M. (1995): Quasicrystals, eds. C. Janot and R. Mosseri, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 132–138
Scheffer M., Gödecke T., Lück R. (1997): Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Quasicrystals, eds. S. Takeuchi and T. Fujiwara, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 269–272
Shaw L.J., Elser V., Henley C.L. (1991): Phys. Rev. B 43, 3423
Shechtman D., Blech I., Gratias D., Cahn J.W. (1984): Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 1951
Shechtman D. (1988): In: Quasicrystalline Materials, eds. C. Janot and J.-M. Dubois, World Scientific, Singapore, p. 3
Shimizu T., Ishimasa T. (1998): Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 37, 5691
Spence J.C.H. (1980): Experimental high resolution electron microscopy, Oxford University Press
Stadelmann P. (1987): Ultramicroscopy 21, 131
Steinhardt P.J., Jeong H.-C., Saitoh K., Tanaka M., Abe E., Tsai A.P. (1998): Nature 396, 55
Stephens P.W., Goldman A.I. (1986): Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 1168;
see also: Stephens P.W. (1989): in Aperiodicity and Order 3, Extended Icosahedral Structures, ed. M.V. Jaric Academic Press, Boston, pp. 37–104
Steurer W., Haibach T., Zhang B., Kek S., Lück R. (1993): Acta Crystallogr. B 49, 661
Steurer W., Haibach T., Zhang B., Beeli C., Nissen H.-U. (1994): J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 6, 613
Sugiyama K., Kaji N., Hiraga K., Ishimasa T. (1998): Z. Kristallogr. 213, 90
Sun W., Hiraga K. (2000): Philos. Mag. Lett. 80, 157
Tanaka M., Terauchi M., Tsuda K. (1994): Convergent-Beam Electron Diffraction III, JEOL Ltd. Tokyo, pp. 89–115; see also Vol. I of this series.
Tsai A.P., Inoue A., Masumoto T. (1989): Mater. Trans. JIM 30, 463
Tsai A.P., Inoue A., Masumoto T. (1987): Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 26, L1505 and
Tsai A.P., Inoue A., Masumoto T. (1989): Mater. Trans. JIM 30, 666
Tsai A.P., Inoue A., Yokoyama Y., Masumoto T. (1990): Philos. Mag. Lett. 61, 9
Tsai A.P., Inoue A., Masumoto T. (1991): Philos. Mag. Lett. 61, 163
Uchida M., Horiuchi S. (1997): Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, 36, L1523
Wang N., Chen H., Kuo K.H. (1987): Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 1010
Wang N., Feng K.K., Kuo K.H. (1988): Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 2120
Weber S., Yamamoto A. (1997): Philos. Mag. A 76, 85
Williams D.B., Carter C.B. (1996): Transmission electron microscopy Plenum Press, New York
Yamamoto A. (1992): Phys. Rev. B 45, 5217,
see also Yamamoto A. (1996): Acta Crystallogr. A 52, 509
Yamamoto A., Hiraga K. (1999): Abstract OB4 at the 7th Int. Conf. Quasicrystals (ICQ7) (http://icq6.uni-stuttgart.de), Stuttgart, Germany
Yokoyama Y., Tsai A.P., Inoue A., Masumoto T. (1991): Mater. Trans. JIM 32, 1089
Yokoyama Y., Yamada Y., Fukaura K., Sunada H., Inoue A., Note R. (1997): Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 6470
Yoshida K., Yamada T., Taniguchi Y. (1989): Acta Crystallogr. B 45, 40 and
Yoshida K., Yamada T., Taniguchi Y. (1991): Philos. Mag. Lett. 63, 127
Yu K., Portier R., Yu-Zhang K., Bigot J. (1988): Philos. Mag. Lett. 57, 35
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nissen, HU., Beeli, C. (2002). Electron Microscopy and Surface Investigations of Quasicrystals. In: Suck, JB., Schreiber, M., Häussler, P. (eds) Quasicrystals. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 55. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05028-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05028-6_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08390-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-05028-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive