Skip to main content

Warum missachten etablierte Demokratien das Recht auf körperliche Unversehrtheit?

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Demokratie und Krise

Zusammenfassung

Im Oktober 2001 verabschiedete der US-Kongress den Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act. Mit der Unterschrift des damaligen Präsidenten George W. Bush wurde er unter dem weniger sperrigen Akronym USA PATRIOT Act gesetzeswirksam. Er sah Maßnahmen vor, welche die amerikanischen Bundesbehörden im damals jüngst begonnenen ‚Krieg gegen den Terror‘ einsetzen sollten. Hierzu zählt beispielsweise eine richterliche Generalvollmacht des FBI zum Abhören jeglicher Kommunikation eines Terrorverdächtigen. Weniger bekannt, aber vielleicht noch bedeutsamer, ist die Resolution Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) vom 14. September 2001.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Acemoglu, Daron und James A. Robinson. 2000. Democratization or Repression? Inequality, Growth and Development. European Economic Review 44: 683–693.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acemoglu, Daron und James A. Robinson. 2006. Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez, Michael, Jose Antonio Cheibub, Adam Przeworski und Fernando Limongi. 1996. Classifying Political Regimes. Studies in Comparative International Development 31 (2): 3–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amnesty International. 2006. Amnesty International Report 2006. The State of the World’s Human Rights. London: Amnesty International Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amnesty International. 2007. Amnesty International Report 2007. The State of the World’s Human Rights. Witney: The Alden Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amnesty International. 2008. Amnesty International Report 2008. The State of the World’s Human Rights. London: Amnesty International Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amnesty International. 2011. Amnesty International Report 2011. The State of the World’s Human Rights. London: Amnesty International Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barsh, Russel Lawrence. 1993. Measuring Human Rights. Problems of Methodology and Purpose. Human Rights Quarterly 15 (1): 87–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bates, Douglas, Martin Maechler und Ben Bolker. 2013. lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lme4. Zugegriffen: 13. April 2014.

  • Bauer, Daniel J. und Patrick J. Curran. 2005. Probing Interactions in Fixed and Multilevel Regression. Inferential and Graphical Techniques. Multivariate Behavioral Research 40 (3): 373–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, Nathaniel und Jonathan N. Katz. 1995. What to do (and not to do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data. The American Political Science Review 89 (3): 634–647.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bühlmann, Marc, Wolfgang Merkel, Lisa Müller, Heiko Giebler, und Bernhard Weßels. 2011. Democracy Barometer: Methodology. Aarau: Zentrum für Demokratie. www.democracybarometer.org. Zugegriffen: 15. September 2013.

  • Bühlmann Marc Wolfgang Merkel Lisa Müller Heiko Giebler, Bernhard Weßels. 2012. Demokratiebarometer. Ein neues Instrument zur Messung von Demokratiequalität. Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 6: 115‐159. doi: 10.1007/s12286-012-0129-2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bühlmann, Marc, Wolfgang Merkel, Lisa Müller, und Bernhard Weßels. 2012. The Democracy Barometer. A New Instrument to Measure the Quality of Democracy and its Potential for Comparative Research. European Political Science 11: 519–536. doi: 10.1057/eps.2011.46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carey, Sabine C. 2010. The Use of Repression as a Response to Domestic Dissent. Political Studies 58 (1): 167–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cingranelli, David L. und David L. Richards. 1999. Measuring the Level, Pattern, and Sequence of Government Respect for Physical Integrity Rights. International Studies Quarterly 43: 407–417.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cingranelli, David L. und David L. Richards. 2008. The Cingranelli-Richards (CIRI) Human Rights Data Project Coding Manual. http://www.humanrightsdata.org/documentation/ciri_coding_guide.pdf. Zugegriffen: 10. Mai 2013.

  • Cingranelli, David L. und David L. Richards. 2010. The Cingranelli and Richards (CIRI) Human Rights Data Project. Human Rights Quarterly 32: 395–418. doi: 10.1353/hrq.0.0141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cingranelli, David L. und David L. Richards. 2013. The Cingranelli-Richards (CIRI) Human Rights Dataset. http://www.humanrightsdata.org. Zugegriffen: 10. Mai 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collier, David und Steven Levitsky. 1997. Democracy with Adjectives. Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research. World Politics 49 (3): 430–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dahl, Robert A. 1971. Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahl, Robert A. 1989. Democracy and Its Critics. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian. 1995. Multi-Dimensional Threat Perception and State Repression. An Inquiry into Why States Apply Negative Sanctions. American Journal of Political Science 39 (3): 683–713.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian. 1999. Human Rights and the Democratic Proposition. Journal of Conflict Resolution 43 (1): 92–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian. Hrsg. 2000a. Paths to State Repression. Human Rights Violations and Contentious Politics. Lanham/Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian. 2000b. Introduction. In Paths to State Repression. Human Rights Violations and Contentious Politics, hrsg. Christian Davenport, 1-24. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian. 2007a. State Repression and Political Order. Annual Review of Political Science 10: 1–23. doi: 10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.101405.143216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian. 2007b. State Repression and the Domestic Democratic Peace. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian und David Alan Armstrong. 2004. Democracy and the Violation Human Rights. A Statistical Analysis from 1976 to 1996. American Journal of Political Science 48 (3): 538–554.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, Christian und Molly Inman. 2012. The State of Repression Research Since the 1990s. Terrorism and Political Violence 24 (4): 619–634. doi: 10.1080/09546553.2012.700619.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper. Fox, John und Sanford Weisberg. 2011. An R Companion to Applied Regression. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francisco, Ronald A. 1995. The Relationship between Coercion and Protest. An Empirical Evaluation in Three Coercive States. Journal of Conflict Resolution 39 (2): 263–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Francisco, Ronald A. 1996. Coercion and Protest. An Empirical Test in Two Democratic States. American Journal of Political Science 40 (4): 1179–1204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gartner, Scott Sigmund und Patrick M. Regan. 1996. Threat and Repression. The Non-Linear Relationship between Government and Opposition Violence. Journal of Peace Research 33 (3): 273–287. doi: 10.1177/0022343396033003003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gelman, Andrew und Jennifer Hill. 2006. Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/ Hierarchical Models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurr, Ted R. 1986. The Political Origins of State Violence and Terror. A Theoretical Analysis. In Government Violence and Repression. An Agenda for Research, hrsg. Michael Stohl und George A. Lopez, 45-72. New York: Greenwood Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habermas, Jürgen. 1992. Faktizität und Geltung. Beiträge zur Diskurstheorie des Rechts und des demokratischen Rechtsstaats. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, Alexander, John Jay und James Madison. 2000[1788]. The Federalist. A Commentary on the Constitution of the United States. Edited, with an Introduction, by Robert Scigliano. New York: Modern Library.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, Conway W. 1993. Population Pressures and Political Repression. Social Science Quarterly 74 (2): 322–333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heston, Alan, Robert Summers und Bettina Aten. 2012. PWT 7.1: Penn World Table Version 7.1. Center for International Comparisons of Production and Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania. http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt_index.php. Zugegriffen: 21. September 2012.

  • Hobbes, Thomas. 1984. Leviathan, oder Stoff, Form und Gewalt eines kirchlichen und bürgerlichen Staates. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hox, Joop J. 2010. Multilevel Analysis. Techniques and Applications. London: Routledge Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karl, Terry Lynn. 1986. Imposing Consent? Electoralism vs. Democratization in El Salvador. In Elections and Democratization in Latin America, hrsg. Paul Drake und Eduardo Silva, 9‐36. San Diego: Center for Iberian and Latin American Studies, Center for US/ Mexican Studies, University of California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keesing’s. Mai 2013. United States. Presidential revision of anti-terrorism strategy. Keesing’s Record of World Events 59: 52655–52656.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keesing’s. Juni 2013. Turkey. Anti-government protests. Keesing’s Record of World Events 59: 52740.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keith, Linda Camp. 2002. Constitutional Provisions for Individual Human Rights (1977- 1996). Are They More Than Mere “Window Dressing?” Political Research Quarterly 55 (1): 111–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kersting, Wolfgang. 2007. Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (1651). In Geschichte des politischen Denkens. Ein Handbuch, hrsg. Manfred Brocker, 212-225. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, John C. 2000. Exploring the Ameliorating Effects of Democracy on Political Repression. Cross-National Evidence. In Paths to State Repression. Human Rights Violations and Contentious Politics, hrsg. Christian Davenport, 217-239. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leetaru, Kalev und Philip Schrodt. 2013. GDELT. Global Data on Events, Language, and Tone, 1979-2012. Paper presented at the International Studies Association Annual Conference, San Diego, CA, April 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lichbach, Mark Irving. 1987. Deterrence or Escalation? The Puzzle of Aggregate Studies of Repression and Dissent. The Journal of Conflict Resolution 31 (2): 266–297. doi: 10.2307/174013.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Locke, John. 2007. Zweite Abhandlung über die Regierung. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mainwaring, Scott, Daniel Brinks und Aníbal Pérez-Linán. 2001. Classifying Political Regimes in Latin America, 1945-1999. Studies in Comparative International Development 36 (1): 37–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merkel, Wolfgang. 2004. Embedded and Defective Democracies. Democratization 11 (5): 33–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merkel, Wolfgang. 2010. Systemtransformation. Eine Einführung in die Theorie und Empirie der Transformationsforschung. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2. überarb. u. erw. Aufl.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merkel Wolfgang Hans-Jürgen Puhle Aurel Croissant, Claudia Eicher und Peter Thiery. 2003. Defekte Demokratien. Bd. 1 Theorie. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mesquita Bruce Bueno de George W. Downs und Alastair Smith. 2005. Thinking Inside the Box. A Closer Look at Democracy and Human Rights. International Studies Quarterly 49 (3): 439–458.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat de. 1994. Vom Geist der Gesetze. Stuttgart: Reclam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, Will H. 2000. The Repression of Dissent. A Substitution Model of Government Coercion. Journal of Conflict Resolution 44 (1): 107–127. doi: 10.1177/0022002700044001006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pierskalla, Jan Henryk. 2010. Protest, Deterrence, and Escalation. The Strategic Calculus of Government Repression. Journal of Conflict Resolution 54 (1): 117–145. doi: 10.1177/0022002709352 462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinheiro, Jose, Douglas Bates, Saikat DebRoy, Deepayan Sarkar und R Core Team. 2013. nlme. Linear and Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models. http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nlme/nlme.pdf. Zugegriffen: 17. Juni 2014.

  • Poe, Steven C. und C. Neal Tate. 1994. Repression of the Human Right to Personal Integrity in 1980s. A Global Analysis. American Political Science Review 88 (4): 853–872.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poe, Steven C., C. Neal Tate und Linda Camp Keith. 1999. Repression of the Human Right to Personal Integrity Revisited. A Global Cross-National Study Covering the Years 1976-1993. International Studies Quarterly 43 (2): 291–313. doi: 10.1111/0020-8833.00121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poe, Steven C., C. Neal Tate, Linda Camp Keith und Drew Lanier. 2000. Domestic Threats. The Abuse of Personal Integrity. In Paths to State Repression. Human Rights Violations and Contentious Politics, hrsg. Christian Davenport, 27-70. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preacher, Kristopher J., Patrick J. Curran und Daniel J. Bauer. 2006. Computational Tools for Probing Interactions in Multiple Linear Regression, Multilevel Modeling, and Latent Curve Analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 31 (4): 437–448.

    Google Scholar 

  • Przeworski, Adam, Michael Alvarez, Jose Antonio Cheibub und Fernando Limongi. 2000. Democracy and Development: Material Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • R Core Team. 2013. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna/ Austria. http://www.R-project.org/. Zugegriffen: 1. Juli 2013.

  • Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia und Anders Skrondal. 2008. Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using STATA. College Station: Stata Press Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Regan, Patrick M. und Errol A. Henderson. 2002. Democracy, threats and political repression in developing countries: are democracies internally less violent? Third World Quarterly 23 (1): 119–136. doi: 10.1080/01436590220108207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkees, Meredith Reid und Frank Wayman. 2010. Resort to War: 1816-2007. Washington: CQ Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitter, Philippe C. und Terry Lynn Karl. 1996. What Democracy Is … and Is Not. In The Global Resurgence of Democracy, hrsg. Larry Diamond und Marc F. Plattner, 49‐62. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schrodt, Philip A. 2012. CAMEO. Conflict and Mediation Event Observations Event and Actor Codebook. University Park: Event Data Project, Department of Political Science, Pennsylvania State University, Pond Laboratory. http://data.gdeltproject.org/documentation/CAMEO.Manual.1.1b3.pdf. Zugegriffen: 17. Juni 2014.

  • Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1942. Capitalism, Socialism & Democracy. New York: Harper & Brothers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solt, Frederick. 2013. The Standardized World Income Inequality Database. http://hdl.handle.net/1902.1/11992. Zugegriffen: 27. November 2013.

  • START. 2012. Global Terrorism Database. gtd_91to11_1012dist. http://www.start.umd.edu/gtd. Zugegriffen: 27. November 2013.

  • Teorell, Jan, Nicholas Charron, Stefan Dahlberg, Sören Holmberg, Bo Rothstein, Petrus Sundin und Richard Svensson. 2013. The Quality of Government Dataset. Version 15. Mai 2013. Göteborg. http://www.qog.pol.gu.se. Zugegriffen: 27.11.2013.

  • Tocqueville, Alexis de. 2000[1835]. Democracy in America, hrsg. Henry Reeve. New York: Bantam Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsebelis, George und John Sprague. 1989. Coercion and revolution. Variations on a predator- prey model. Mathematical and Computer Modeling 12 (4–5): 547–559.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of State. 2004. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. France. February 25, 2004. http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27837.htm. Zugegriffen: 24. November 2013.

  • Ware, John. 2013. Undercover soldiers ‘killed unarmed civilians in Belfast’. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-24987465. Zugegriffen: 21. November 2013.

  • Wickham, Hadley. 2009. ggplot2. Elegant graphics for data analysis. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zanger, Sabine C. 2000. A Global Analysis of the Effect of Political Regime Changes on Life Integrity Violations, 1977-93. Journal of Peace Research 37 (2): 213–233. doi: 10.1177/00223433000 37002006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dag Tanneberg .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tanneberg, D. (2015). Warum missachten etablierte Demokratien das Recht auf körperliche Unversehrtheit?. In: Merkel, W. (eds) Demokratie und Krise. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05945-3_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05945-3_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer VS, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-658-05944-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-658-05945-3

  • eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Science (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics