Skip to main content

Chromosomes of Eukaryotes

  • Chapter
Book cover Evolution by Gene Duplication

Abstract

In bacteria and certain other unicellular organisms, the entire genetic material exists in the form of a DNA ring. Such organisms are typically haploids and within the cell there exists no sharp demarcation between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. These organisms are called prokaryotes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allfrey, V.G., Litau, V. G, Mirsky, A.E.: On the role of histories in regulating RNA synthesis in the cell nucleus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. US 49, 414–421 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barr, M.L., Bertram, L.F.: A morphological distinction between neurones of the male and female and the behavior of the nucleolar satellite during accelerated nucleoprotein synthesis. Nature 163, 676–677 (1949).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beutler, E., Yeh, M., Fairbanks, V.F.: The normal human female as a mosaic of X chromosome activity: Studies using the gene for G-6-PD deficiency as a marker. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. US 48, 9–16 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Britten, R.J., Kohne, D.E.: Repeated sequences in DNA. Science 161, 529–540 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bustin, M., Rall, S. C, Stellwagen, R.H., Cole, R.D.: Histone structure: Asymmetric distribution of lysine residues in lysine-rich histone. Science 163, 391–393 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Darlington, C.D.: Recent advances in cytology. London: J. and A. Churchill, Ltd. 1935.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dearing, W.H., Jr.: The material continuity and individuality of the somatic chromosomes of Ambystonta tigrinum, with special reference to the nucleolus as a chromosomal component. J. Morphol. 56, 157–179 (1934).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson-Smith, M.A., Handmaker, S.D.: Observations on the satellited human chromosomes. Lancet 1961 I, 638–640.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heitz, E.: Die somatische Heteropyknose bei Drosophila melanogaster und ihre genetische Bedeutung. 2. Zellforsch. Abt. Histochem. 20, 237–287 (1933).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hnilica, L.S.: Studies on nuclear proteins. I. Observations on the tissue and species specificity of the moderately lysine-rich histone fraction 2b. Biochim. et Biophys. Acta 117, 163–175 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R.C., Bonner, J.: Histone, a suppressor of chromosomal RNA synthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. US 48, 1216–1222 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johns, E.W.: Metabolism and radiosensitivity. In: The cell nucleus, p. 116. London: Taylor and Francis, Ltd. 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufmann, B.P.: Somatic mitoses of Drosophila melanogaster. J. Morphol. 56, 125–156 (1934).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyon, M.F.: Gene action in the X-chromosome of the mouse (Mus musculus L,.). Nature 190, 372–373 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, O.L., Jr., Beatty, B.R.: Visualization of nucleolar genes. Science 164, 955–957 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muller, H.J.: Further studies on the nature and causes of gene mutations. Proc. Vlth Int’ 1 Congr. Genet. Ithaca, N.Y., 1, 213–255 (1932).

    Google Scholar 

  • Neelin, J.M., Callahan, P.X., Lamb, D. C, Murray, K.: The histones of chicken erythrocyte nuclei. Can. J. Biochem. and Physiol. 42, 1743–1752 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohno, S., Kaplan, W.D., Kinosita, R.: Formation of the sex chromatin by a single X-chromosome in liver cells of Rattus norvegicus. Exptl. Cell Research 18, 415–418 (1959).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • —, Trujillo, J.M., Kaplan, W.D., Kinosita, R.: Nucleolus-organizers in the causation of chromosomal anomalies in man. Lancet 1961 II, 123–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klinger, H.P., Atkin, N.B.: Human oögenesis. Cytogenetics 1, 42–51 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stedman, E., Stedman, E.: Cell specificity of histones. Nature 166, 780–781 (1950).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J.H.: Asynchronous duplication of chromosomes in cultured cells of Chinese hamsters. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 7, 455–464 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tjio, J.H., Levan, A.: The chromosome number of man. Hereditas 42, 1–6 (1956).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yasmineh, W.D., Yunis, J.J.: Satellite DNA in mouse autosomal heterochromatin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 35, 779–782 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1970 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ohno, S. (1970). Chromosomes of Eukaryotes. In: Evolution by Gene Duplication. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86659-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86659-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-86661-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-86659-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics