Summary
Preservatives may be defined as chemicals added to topical drugs, cosmetics, toiletries, household products, and aqueous and emulsion systems in industry to prevent them from spoiling. They may act by interfering with certain chemical reactions or with the growth of molds, fungi, bacteria or parasites. The use concentration in the finished products is generally in the range of 0.01% to 1%. Owing to their inherent reactivity, many of these chemicals can induce allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). An overwhelming number of preservative formulations are marketed under various trade names and their synonyms. Unfortunately, there is no single source of information regarding the production, import and use of the different preservatives. The present paper focuses on four issues related to contact allergy to preservatives.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Andersen KE (1986) Contact allergy to chlorocresol, formaldehyde and other biocides. Guinea pig tests and clinical studies. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) [Suppl 125] 66.
Andersen KE, Veien N (1985) Biocide patch tests. Contact Dermatitis 12: 99–103.
Björkner B, Bruze M, Dahlquist I, Fregert S, Gruvberger B, Persson K (1986) Contact allergy to the preservative Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis 14: 85–90.
Bruze M, Dahlquist I, Fregert S, Gruvberger B, Persson K (1987) Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis 16: 183–188.
Chan PK, Baldwin RC, Parsons RD, et al. (1983) Kathon biocide: manifestation of delayed contact dermatitis in guinea pigs is dependent on the concentration for induction and challenge. J Invest Dermatol 81: 409–411.
Cronin E, Hannuksela M, Lachapelle J-M, Maibach HI, Malten KE, Meneghini CL (1988) Frequency of sensitization to the preservative Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis 18: 274-279.
Decker RL Jr (1985) Frequency of preservative use in cosmetic formulas as disclosed to FDA — 1984. Cosmetics Toiletries 100: 65–68.
Edman B, Möller H (1982) Trends and forecasts for standard allergens in a 12-year patch test material. Contact Dermatitis 8: 95–104.
Gollhausen R, et al. (1988) Trends in allergic contact sensitization. Contact Dermatitis 18: 147–154.
Goodwin BFJ, Johnson AW (1985) Single injection adjuvant test. Curr Probl Dermatol14: 201–207.
de Groot AC, Weyland JW (1988) Kathon CG: a review. J Am Acad Dermatol 18: 350–358.
de Groot AC, van Joost T, Bos JD, van der Meeren HLM, Weyland JW (1988) Patch test reactivity to DMDM hydantoin. Relationship to formaldehyde allergy. Contact Dermatitis 18: 197–201.
de Groot AC, Bruynzeel DP, Jagtman BA, Weyland JW (1988) Contact allergy to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II). Contact Dermatitis 18: 202–205.
Maibach HI (1985) Diagnostic patch test concentration for Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis 13: 242–245.
Maurer Th (1985) The optimization test. Curr Probl Dermatol 14: 114–151.
Menné T, Hjorth N (1988) Routine patch testing with paraben esters. Contact Dermatitis 19: 189–191.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Andersen, K.E. (1989). Contact Allergy to Preservatives. In: Frosch, P., Dooms-Goossens, A., Lachapelle, JM., Rycroft, R.J.G., Scheper, R.J. (eds) Current Topics in Contact Dermatitis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74299-6_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74299-6_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74301-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74299-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive