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Fungal Genomics pp 31–60Cite as

2 Genomics to Study Basal Lineage Fungal Biology: Phylogenomics Suggests a Common Origin

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Part of the book series: The Mycota ((MYCOTA,volume 13))

Abstract

Basal lineages of the kingdom Fungi comprise terrestrial and aquatic fungi, which are traditionally summarized to the Chytridiomycota and the Zygomycota in a colloquial sense. Advances in next-generation sequencing allow a new layer of knowledge to be gained, which is invaluable for understanding not only the evolution of fungi but also their adaptation to the environment and development of pathogenic traits. Recent revisions using large-scale multigene phylogenies suggested a polyphyletic origin of both the Chytridiomycota and the Zygomycota, which were therefore separated into three distinct phyla and five subphyla, respectively. However, because of the recent appearance of the genomic sequences of basal fungi, a comprehensive genome analysis is in progress for these basal groups. Large-scale genome projects produced a total of 51 genomes of basal fungi and 32 genomes from the Microsporidia. First insights suggest a revision of our understanding of the genome evolution and architecture, revealing fascinating novelties that qualify the basal fungi as an outstanding and unique fungal group deserving much more attention from the scientific community.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to express our gratitude to Kerstin Hoffmann and Martin Eckart (University of Jena, Germany) and Katerina Fliegerova (Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic) for contributing microscopic images shown in Fig. 2.1a and to Paul M. Kirk (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, UK) for providing the numbers of fungal species based on the Index Fungorum database (http://www.indexfungorum.org) (as of September 16, 2013) shown in Fig. 2.2. We thank Volker U. Schwartze (University of Jena, Germany) for technical assistance with drawing Figs. 2.2 and 2.6. This work was financially supported by the Leibniz Association and the University of Jena.

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  1. Systems Biology/Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology– Hans-Knöll-Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 23, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Ekaterina Shelest

  2. Jena Microbial Resource Collection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans-Knöll-Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 23, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Kerstin Voigt

  3. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany

    Kerstin Voigt

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  1. Ekaterina Shelest
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  1. Department of General and Molecular Bota, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Minou Nowrousian

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Shelest, E., Voigt, K. (2014). 2 Genomics to Study Basal Lineage Fungal Biology: Phylogenomics Suggests a Common Origin. In: Nowrousian, M. (eds) Fungal Genomics. The Mycota, vol 13. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45218-5_2

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