Abstract
To feed the ever-increasing population on earth, production of food crops must increase at an unprecedented pace with limited inputs and little or no harm to the environment. The target is more challenging in the face of a changing climate scenario. The main focus should be on developing technologies and crop genotypes suitable for the input-poor and low-yielding areas that represent the lion’s share of the cultivable areas of the world. Plant breeding is evolving; more so with the advancement of molecular biological sciences. Emerging concepts of structural and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics approaches contribute towards identification of target genes and eQTL (expression-quantitative trait loci) for effective deployment. The genome editing technologies creating site-directed mutation can facilitate development of nontransgenic designer crop genotypes having wider adaptation. Plant breeding approaches should focus on the natural resources to identify and deploy useful gene(s)/alleles to develop genotypes with enhanced yield potential, better stress tolerance and, quality end products. Improvement in mapping efforts like genomic selection (GS), marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS), and next-generation mapping, viz. NAM (nested association mapping), MAGIC (multiparent advanced generation intercross) would accelerate breeding progress with improved genotyping and phenotyping facilities. Plant biotechnology and genetic engineering techniques would continue to play a pivotal role in making a crop widely adaptable to the changed climate. Improving crop efficiencies in utilization of solar radiation, inorganic nitrogen, water and other inputs would render crops suitable for climate-resilient agriculture. Policies should be in place to make technologies accessible and affordable by all sections of users globally.
Keywords
- Quantitative Trait Locus
- Association Mapping
- Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis
- Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping
- Genomic Selection
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Talukdar, A., Talukdar, P. (2013). Emerging Concepts and Strategies for Genomics and Breeding. In: Kole, C. (eds) Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37045-8_6
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