Abstract
The anterior region of arthropods is profoundly influenced by effects of condensation and integration that has taken place in various character complexes. Prominent examples are the cerebralization of the central nervous system, the integration of anterior appendages to encompass sensory function and food uptake, the integration of anterior segments covered by a continuous dorsal shield, and a condensation of the endoskeleton which has resulted in the partial obscuring of the segmental organization. The borders between these different complexes, however, do not necessarily correspond. The exact composition and origin of the ‘arthropod head’ is an enduring problem in arthropod evolution.
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Notes
- 1.
Man betrachte die vollendeten Insecten! … Das Haupt ist seinem Platze nach immer vorn, ist der Versammlungsort der abgesonderten Sinne und enthält die regierenden Sinneswerkzeuge, in einem oder mehreren Nervenknoten, die wir Gehirn zu nennen pflegen, verbunden. J.W. von Goethe—Erster Entwurf einer allgemeinen Einleitung in die vergleichende Anatomie ausgehend von der Osteologie. WA II, Bd 8, S. 13.
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Acknowledgments
We thank the editors for helpful comments improving the manuscript and Lucy Cathrow for a careful copy editing. The studies on the evolution of the arthropod brain have been supported by the DFG (RI 837/9–1, 2; 10–1, 2). MS is supported by the Carlsberg Foundation.
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Richter, S., Stein, M., Frase, T., Szucsich, N.U. (2013). The Arthropod Head. In: Minelli, A., Boxshall, G., Fusco, G. (eds) Arthropod Biology and Evolution. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36160-9_10
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