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Vascularization

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The Human Hippocampus

Abstract

The superficial (leptomeningeal) vessels and the intrahippocampal (deep) vessels are successively studied. The hippocampal arteries arise mainly from the posterior cerebral artery and to a lesser degree from the anterior choroidal artery. Three hippocampal arteries usually vascularize the hippocampus: the anterior, middle, and posterior hippocampal arteries. These arteries arise directly from the trunk of the posterior cerebral artery or from its inferior temporal branches. The superficial hippocampal veins have a simpler more typical aspect than the arteries. They form two longitudinal superficial venous arches covering the fimbriodentate sulcus and the superficial hippocampal sulcus.

In this chapter, the intrahippocampal arteries and veins and the hippocampal capillary network are also studied. The intrahippocampal arteries are divided into ventral and dorsal main arteries. The ventral intrahippocampal arteries have a long course reaching the CA1 sector. The dorsal arteries have a shorter route to reach the CA3 sector. The intrahippocampal veins have been poorly studied, probably due to technical difficulties. In the hippocampus, two types of veins may be distinguished: the sulcal and subependymal intrahippocampal veins. Finally within the hippocampus, it is possible to recognize the layers of the cornu Ammonis and the gyrus dentatus according to their different vascular densities. The most intense vascular density is in the stratum moleculare of the cornu Ammonis as that of the dentate gyrus. These two layers are poor in neurons but rich in synaptic contacts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemin des Relançons, Besançon, France

    Henri Duvernoy

  2. Hôpital Universitaire Jean Minjoz Centre Hospitalier Régional, Besançon, France

    Françoise Cattin

  3. Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France

    Pierre-Yves Risold

Authors
  1. Henri Duvernoy
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  2. Françoise Cattin
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  3. Pierre-Yves Risold
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Duvernoy, H., Cattin, F., Risold, PY. (2013). Vascularization. In: The Human Hippocampus. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33603-4_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33603-4_5

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-33602-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-33603-4

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