Abstract
Polyploidy and recurrent interspecific hybridization represent major features of Spartina evolution, resulting in several superimposed divergent genomes that coexist in the currently living species. This chapter summarizes what we presently know about Spartina history, emphasizing the recent hybridization and polyploidization events that have important ecological and evolutionary consequences. Particular attention is devoted to the recent formation of the allododecaploid invasive Spartina anglica, a salt-marsh “ecosystem engineer” that resulted from hybridization between the hexaploid S. alterniflora (introduced from North America) and tetraploid S. maritima (a European native) and subsequent genome duplication of the F1 hybrid S. x townsendii during the nineteenth century in Western Europe. Allopolyploidy was not accompanied by substantial restructuring of the parental genomes, as observed in some other allopolyploid systems. The major evolutionary events affect the regulatory systems controlling gene expression (including epigenetic regulation), which appear to have been profoundly altered by the merger of different genomes. Methodological challenges in exploring non-model, highly redundant genomes resulting from superimposed events of polyploidization (such as those encountered in Spartina) and the contribution of the new massive parallel sequencing technologies are discussed.
An erratum to this chapter is available at 10.1007/978-3-642-31442-1_19.
An erratum to this chapter can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31442-1_19
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Acknowledgments
This work benefited from the financial support of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Rennes 1, the French National Research Agency (ANR), Region Bretagne, Genoscope, and from the Biogenouest (Transcriptomics and Environmental Genomics) platform facilities. P. Wincker, J. Poulain, Corinne Da Silva, O. Lima, S. Coudouel, D. Naquin, A. Deillhy are thanked for their contribution to the 454 pyrosequencing
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Ainouche, M., Chelaifa, H., Ferreira, J., Bellot, S., Ainouche, A., Salmon, A. (2012). Erratum From—Polyploid Evolution in Spartina: Dealing with Highly Redundant Hybrid Genomes. In: Soltis, P., Soltis, D. (eds) Polyploidy and Genome Evolution. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31442-1_12
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