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Mechanical and Chemical Signaling in Angiogenesis pp 143–160Cite as

Matrix Mechanics and Cell Contractility in Angiogenesis

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Part of the book series: Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials ((SMTEB,volume 12))

Abstract

Angiogenesis is a complex process that relies on the interplay of chemical and mechanical signaling events that ultimately result in the formation of new blood vessels. While much work has uncovered the chemical signaling events that mediate angiogenesis, the role of the mechanical environment is less understood. In this chapter, we will discuss how the mechanical microenvironment regulates angiogenesis by examining how matrix stiffness and cellular contractility mediate endothelial cell behaviors that are necessary for the progression of angiogenesis. Specifically, we will describe the roles of matrix stiffness and cell contractility as regulators of endothelial cell adhesion and shape, migration, growth, cell–cell interactions, and cell–matrix remodeling. Collectively, these findings implicate endogenous cellular forces and matrix stiffness as critical components of the angiogenic microenvironment, and suggest that both are important parameters for tissue engineering applications and a greater understanding of angiogenesis during disease progression.

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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University 302 Weill Hall, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Joseph P. Califano & Cynthia A. Reinhart-King

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    Cynthia A. Reinhart-King

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Califano, J.P., Reinhart-King, C.A. (2013). Matrix Mechanics and Cell Contractility in Angiogenesis. In: Reinhart-King, C. (eds) Mechanical and Chemical Signaling in Angiogenesis. Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, vol 12. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30856-7_7

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