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Nanobioelectrochemistry pp 67–86Cite as

Biosensors Based on Field-Effect Devices

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Abstract

This chapter brings an overview on the use of field-effect devices (FEDs) in biochemical sensors, emphasizing their advantages and specificity for biosensing, which is typical of such semiconductor-based device. Following the introductory sections on operation principles and comparison with field-effect transistors, we concentrate on different types of FEDs and their detection methods. In particular, we shall focus on ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET), electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS), light-addressable potentiometric sensor, extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) and separative extended-gate field-effect transistor (SEGFET). Important contributions in the literature in biochemical sensors based on such devices are highlighted. A discussion is also provided on how the functionalization of these devices with nanostructured films can result in sensors with increased sensitivity and selectivity. Examples of modified devices containing polyelectrolytes, metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and other compounds, used for detecting a variety of analytes, will be provided. We discuss the concepts involved in the operation principles and the particularity of different FEDs. The prospects for clinical diagnosis with such biosensors and environment monitoring are also addressed. Moreover, strategies to improve sensing properties through functionalization are placed on, particularly with synergistic combination of organic and inorganic materials. For example, nanostructured films containing carbon nanotubes exhibited enhanced performance in biosensing. It is expected that this chapter may provide researchers with an alternative sensing platform to study new biochemical sensors concepts for specific applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to CNPq, FAPEMIG, FAPESP, and Rede nBioNet (CAPES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanomaterials and Sensors Group / Institute of Exact Sciences, Natural and Education, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba-MG, 38025-180, Brazil

    José Roberto Siqueira Jr.

  2. Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Laboratory / Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos-SP, 13566-590, Brazil

    Edson Giuliani Ramos Fernandes & Valtencir Zucolotto

  3. Polymer Group / Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos-SP, 13566-590, Brazil

    Osvaldo Novais de Oliveira Jr.

Authors
  1. José Roberto Siqueira Jr.
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  2. Edson Giuliani Ramos Fernandes
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  3. Osvaldo Novais de Oliveira Jr.
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  4. Valtencir Zucolotto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to José Roberto Siqueira Jr. .

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  1. , Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos (IQ, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trab. São-carlense, São Carlos, 400 CP 78, Brazil

    Frank N. Crespilho

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Siqueira, J.R., Fernandes, E.G.R., de Oliveira, O.N., Zucolotto, V. (2013). Biosensors Based on Field-Effect Devices. In: Crespilho, F. (eds) Nanobioelectrochemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29250-7_4

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