Zusammenfassung
Die EKT hat in den verschiedenen Regionen der Welt einen unterschiedlichen Stellenwert. Insbesondere unterscheiden sich das Indikationsspektrum, der medizinische Standard und die Behandlungsrate. In Westeuropa, Nordamerika, Australien, Neuseeland und einigen Schwellenländern wird die EKT vornehmlich zur Behandlung therapierefraktärer Depressionen eingesetzt. Die Patienten sind oft älter und weiblichen Geschlechts. Die Behandlung erfolgt in einem modifizierten Setting mit Kurznarkose, Muskelrelaxation, meist mit Rechteckstimulation und EEG-Monitoring. Die höchsten Behandlungsraten finden sich in Australien und Skandinavien. Hingegen kommt die EKT in Osteuropa, weiten Teilen Asiens und, sofern verfügbar, in Lateinamerika und Afrika hauptsächlich zur Therapie der Schizophrenie, auch bei jüngeren und männlichen Patienten, zum Einsatz. In diesen Regionen gibt es einen erheblichen Anteil unmodifizierter Behandlungssettings. Die Behandlungsraten pro Zentrum divergieren weltweit erheblich.
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Henkel, K., Grözinger, M. (2013). EKT im internationalen Vergleich. In: Grözinger, M., Conca, A., Nickl-Jockschat, T., Di Pauli, J. (eds) Elektrokonvulsionstherapie kompakt. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25629-5_2
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