Skip to main content

Feasibility and Realism in Cognitive Economics

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 823 Accesses

Abstract

Economics is not in good shape. Over the past 20 years even The Economist has debated the case for abandoning the traditional neoclassical economic tools, since they seem unable to explain, let alone predict, most economic phenomena. In an article published on 23 April 1994, The Economist affirmed that, according to financial economists, only the study of decision-making psychology could shed any light on what is apparently irrational and inexplicable financial market behaviour. The neoclassical economists believed that markets are efficient, in other words prices reflect fundamental information and they change only if that information changes, rather than in response to the whims of fickle investors. Quoting George Soros (Wall Street guru as well as Popper’s student) and the Stanford economist Bill Sharpe, who won the Nobel Prize for his part in developing efficient-market theory, The Economist maintained that prospect theory and framing effects offer better explanations than neoclassical economics for both short- and long-term oddities in financial markets.

The present chapter is a modified version of Viale, R. (1997). From neoclassical to cognitive economics: The epistemological constraints of feasibility and realism. In R. Viale (ed.), Cognitive economics. Fondazione Rosselli, Quaderni Lascomes, Lascomes Series, I.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Many authors, like Jon Elster, support a different thesis so rationality implies intentionality.

  2. 2.

    The paradoxes of Allais and Ellsberg showed that human choices do not conform to subjective expected utility theory.

References

  • Arrow, K. J. (1971). Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention. In F. Lamberton (Ed.), Economics of information and knowledge. London: Penguin Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Binmore, K., Shaked, A., & Sutton, J. (1985). Testing non-cooperative bargaining theory: A preliminary study. American Economic Review, 75, 1178–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaug, M. (1980). The methodology of economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cartwright, N. (1983). How the laws of physics Lie. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Duhem, P. (1969). To save the phenomena. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egidi, M. (1992). Il dilemma ‘as if’. Sistemi Intelligenti, IV(3), 461–487.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G., Todd, P., and the ABC Research Group. (1999). Simple heuristics that make us smart. NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, A. (1993). Philosophical application of cognitive science. Boulder: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, N. (1965). Fact fiction and forecast. Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merril.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hausman, D. M., & McPherson, M. S. (1993). Economics, rationality, and ethics. In D. M. Hausman (Ed.), The philosophy of economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hey, J. D. (1991). Experiments in economics. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, J. M., Holyoak, K. J., Nisbett, R. E., & Thagard, P. R. (1986). Induction. Cambridge Mass.: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson Laird, P. (1983). Mental models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979b). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47, 263–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (Eds.). (1982). Judgement under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langley, P., Simon, H. A., Bradshaw, G. L., & Zytkow, J. M. (1987). Scientific discovery. Cambridge Mass: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackie, J. L. (1974). The cement of the universe. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCloskey, D. N. (1986). The rhetoric of economics. In D. M. Hausman (Ed.), The philosophy of economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Montesano, A. (1998). Rationality in economics: A general framework. In G. Preyer, G. Peter, & A. Ulfig (Eds.), After the received view. Developments in the theory of science (Protosociology, Vol. 12, pp. 290–296). Frankfurt: Frankfurt am Main Univ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quine, W. O. (1969). Epistemology naturalized. In W. V. Quine (Ed.), Ontological relativity and other essays. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, A. (1983). If economics isn’t science, what is it? In D. M. Hausman (Ed.), The philosophy of economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, A. (1988). Philosophy of social science. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salmon, W. (1984). Scientific explanation and the causal structure of the world. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuelson, P.A. (1966). The collected scientific papers of Paul A. Samuelson, in J.E. Stiglitz (ed.). Cambridge Mass: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stich, S. (1990). The fragmentation of reason. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viale, R. (1994a). Dans la Boîte noire: les mécanismes cognitifs de la décision scientifique. In R. Boudon & M. Clavelin (Eds.), Le rélativisme est-il résistible? Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Wright, G. H. (1971). Explanation and understanding. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Riccardo Viale .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Viale, R. (2012). Feasibility and Realism in Cognitive Economics. In: Methodological Cognitivism. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24743-9_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics