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Muscarinic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists: Effects on Keratinocyte Functions

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Muscarinic Receptors

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 208))

Abstract

The stratified epithelium enveloping the skin and lining the surfaces of oral and vaginal mucosa is comprised by keratinocytes that synthesize, secrete, degrade, and respond to acetylcholine via muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. The two pathways may compete or synergize with one another, so that net biologic effect represents the biologic sum of the effects of distinct acetylcholine receptors expressed by a keratinocyte at a particular stage of its development. Keratinocytes express a unique combination of muscarinic receptor subtypes at each stage of their development. Experimental results indicate that muscarinic receptors expressed in human keratinocytes regulate their viability, proliferation, migration, adhesion, and terminal differentiation, hair follicle cycling, and secretion of humectants, cytokines, and growth factors. Learning the muscarinic pharmacology of keratinocyte development and functions has salient clinical implications for patients with nonhealing wounds, mucocutaneous cancers, and various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Successful therapy of pemphigus lesions with topical pilocarpine and disappearance of psoriatic lesions due to systemic atropine therapy illustrate that such therapeutic approach is feasible.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the NIH grants GM62136 and DE14173.

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  1. Departments of Dermatology and Biological Chemistry, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA

    Sergei A. Grando

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  1. Sergei A. Grando
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Correspondence to Sergei A. Grando .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. UHN67, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Ca, Oregon Health & Science University, SW Sam Jackson Park Road 3181, Portland, 97239, Oregon, USA

    Allison D. Fryer

  2. , Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Scien, Royal Parade 381, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia

    Arthur Christopoulos

  3. , Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-7750, Washington, USA

    Neil M. Nathanson

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Grando, S.A. (2012). Muscarinic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists: Effects on Keratinocyte Functions. In: Fryer, A., Christopoulos, A., Nathanson, N. (eds) Muscarinic Receptors. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 208. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23274-9_18

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