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Organelle Genetics pp 19–38Cite as

Plastid Origins

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Abstract

The evolution of plastids (chloroplasts) from cyanobacterial endosymbionts was an event of profound significance in the history of eukaryotic life. The so-called “primary” endosymbiotic origin of plastids, which is generally believed to have happened only once, afforded eukaryotes the ability to harness the energy of sunlight, a capacity that subsequently spread to distantly related organisms by additional eukaryote–eukaryote endosymbioses. This chapter provides an overview of recent genomics-enabled advances in our understanding of plastid evolution. The emerging picture is one of unexpected complexity in which mergers between various combinations of hosts and endosymbionts have given rise to modern-day eukaryotic phototrophs with mosaic gene repertoires.

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Acknowledgments

I thank members of the Archibald Laboratory for stimulating discussions on plastid evolution, endosymbiosis, and comparative genomics. Dr. Eunsoo Kim is thanked for helpful comments on an earlier version of this chapter. I gratefully acknowledge the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) for funding, the CIHR New Investigator Program for salary support, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity, for Fellowship support.

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  1. Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2

    John M. Archibald

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  1. , Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, York Street 63B, Sackville, E4L 1G7, New Brunswick, Canada

    Charles E. Bullerwell

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Archibald, J.M. (2012). Plastid Origins. In: Bullerwell, C. (eds) Organelle Genetics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22380-8_2

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