Abstract
It is estimated that around 170 Tg N year−1 of reactive nitrogen (N) is produced on a global basis by industry, fossil fuel burning, and biological N fixation. It is applied to land both deliberately to help produce enough food and fiber, and indirectly via atmospheric deposition as pollution. These human interventions to the N cycle, which is naturally highly conservative to loss pathways, are contributing to climate change effects, for example, by enhancing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Nitrogen-driven carbon (C) storage through increased plant growth in non-forested or agricultural systems may be modest, but increased N deposition has been shown to substantially increase carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake by certain forests. Climate change drivers such as elevated CO2 and temperature can further influence the terrestrial C and N cycling and alter soil N availability, which constrains the CO2 sink capacity of earth’s biosphere. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to evaluate the impacts of anthropogenic drivers on the terrestrial N cycle with implications for soil health and climate change. Consequences of changes in soil health parameters such as N availability, carbon sequestration, and acidification in relation to managing fertilizer N use in agro-ecosystems with the aim of increasing productivity but reducing greenhouse gas emissions have been discussed.
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Bijay-Singh (2011). The Nitrogen Cycle: Implications for Management, Soil Health, and Climate Change. In: Singh, B., Cowie, A., Chan, K. (eds) Soil Health and Climate Change. Soil Biology, vol 29. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20256-8_6
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