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Electric Power System Planning pp 105–132Cite as

Substation Expansion Planning

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Part of the book series: Power Systems ((POWSYS))

Abstract

With electric power consumption growth, desired new transmission system elements are needed to overcome the possible lack of adequacy problems so that with the least costs, various operational constraints are met. In the so-called Substation Expansion Planning (SEP), the problem is to determine the required expansion capacities of the existing substations as well as the locations and the sizes of new substations together with the required availability times, so that the loads can be adequately supplied.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    i.e. a substation with two 30 MW transformers.

  2. 2.

    Depending on the type of a substation (normal, underground, GIS, etc.), the variable cost may vary.

  3. 3.

    See the problems at the end of the chapter.

  4. 4.

    For instance, for SEP of sub-transmission substations, the loads are assigned according to medium voltage feeders (say 33 kV). For SEP of transmission substations, the loads are assigned according to HV (sub-transmission voltage) feeders (say 63 kV).

  5. 5.

    \( S_{{{cap}\,j}}^{HL} \) is, at least, equal to the required substation capacity, as determined by the algorithm. In practice, it may be higher due to system security aspects.

  6. 6.

    In (7.15), R and S are, in terms of p.u./unit length and p.u., respectively; while \( P_{loss}^{LL} \) is defined in terms of \({\rlap{\rm R}}\,/ \)p.u. If actual values are going to be used, (7.15) should, appropriately, be modified.

  7. 7.

    For more details, see Appendix G.

  8. 8.

    In this section, the distance between two substations is calculated using \( \sqrt {(X_{1} - X_{2} )^{2} + (Y_{1} - Y_{2} )^{2} } \). If, however, X and Y are defined using GIS, the distance calculation is different (see the problems at the end of the chapter).

  9. 9.

    The loads which have to be supplied by a specific substation.

  10. 10.

    The information provided here is used in Sect. 7.6.7. For the BILP solution presented in this section, the substation capacity is considered to be a continuous parameter with the fixed and the variable cost values, shown. The maximum capacities of existing and candidate substations are 1.8 and 4.8 p.u., respectively.

  11. 11.

    For the calculations of the distances referred to in this book and by using the relationship given in this problem, the distance is set = 1.0 km, if it is calculated to be less than 1.0 km.

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  • As we discussed earlier in the chapter, SEP is the process of finding the allocation and sizes of both the expandable and the new substations. As the normal practice is to move from distribution substations towards the transmission substations, most of the research reported in literature are devoted to distribution substations. However, in [1], the problem is discussed from a transmission view. Some other general aspects are reviewed in [2].

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  • Distribution substation planning has also been received attention, separately, in literature such as [11–13]. Some other issues of the problem are covered in [14–16].

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Iran Power System Engineering Research Center, Ehran, Iran

    Hossein Seifi

  2. School of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University, PO Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran

    Hossein Seifi

  3. University of Technology,Affiliated to Ministry of Energy of Iran, Abbaspour Street, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Sadegh Sepasian

Authors
  1. Hossein Seifi
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  2. Mohammad Sadegh Sepasian
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Correspondence to Hossein Seifi .

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© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Seifi, H., Sepasian, M.S. (2011). Substation Expansion Planning. In: Electric Power System Planning. Power Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17989-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17989-1_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-17988-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-17989-1

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