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Earthworm Innate Immune System

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Biology of Earthworms

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 24))

Abstract

Nonself recognition is the basis of innate and adaptive immune responses and it depends on immune receptors. Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila animal models have added ample information to define molecular homology especially at the level of signal transduction. Yet, it is unwise to generalize about the immune system/signaling mechanisms of all invertebrates based upon two species. Other invertebrate species (mollusks and annelids) have also evolved effective innate immune responses, although those might have more unique pathways than other more popular and better studied species. We analyzed cellular immune responses in earthworms, and began to identify conserved signal molecules relative to MAP kinase pathways. These pathways appear at every level of evolution suggesting ubiquitous roles in various biological processes (differentiation, adaptation, stress response, apoptosis) including immunity. Analysis of seemingly less complex invertebrate immune systems can provide useful information with putative applications to more complex vertebrate immune system and to the evolution of immune response, including regulation of signaling systems in innate immunity. This knowledge can also help to identify and characterize new bioactive molecules with possible therapeutic use both in human and veterinary medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, H-7643, Pécs, Hungary

    Péter Engelmann & Péter Németh

  2. Laboratory of Comparative Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095-1763, USA

    Edwin L. Cooper

  3. Department of Immunology and Biotechnology and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Szigeti u. 12, H-7643, Pécs, Hungary

    Balázs Opper

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  1. Péter Engelmann
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  2. Edwin L. Cooper
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  3. Balázs Opper
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  4. Péter Németh
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Correspondence to Péter Engelmann .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Agriculture, Dept. Soil Science, Ankara University, Ankara, 06110, Turkey

    Ayten Karaca

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Engelmann, P., Cooper, E.L., Opper, B., Németh, P. (2011). Earthworm Innate Immune System. In: Karaca, A. (eds) Biology of Earthworms. Soil Biology, vol 24. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14636-7_14

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