Abstract
Perennial herbs with woody, occasionally tuberous rhizomes. Leaves alternate, pinnate or pinnatisect, with the (pseudo-?)stipules adnate to the petiole. Inflorescences pedunculate panicles or spikes; pedicels with prophylls. Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual, 5-merous; sepals distinct, imbricate; petals distinct, imbricate, sometimes contorted, often denticulate at the apex, sometimes unguiculate, alternate with 5 fleshy extrastaminal nectary glands; stamens 10; filaments shortly connate; anthers tetrasporangiate, dorsifixed, opening longitudinally, introrse; gynoecium 5-carpellate; ovary superior, on short gynophore, deeply 5-lobed; ovules 1 per loculus, pendulous; stylodia arising from the base of the ovarioles, filiform, connected above into a capitate stigma. Fruit a schizocarp, dehiscing into 5 indehiscent 1-seeded, dry, rugose, crustaceous nutlets. Seeds large, rugulose, with a rounded raphe; endosperm scanty; embryo slightly curved; cotyledons foliaceous. n = 5.
Biebersteiniaceae Endlicher (1841).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Selected Bibliography
APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group). 1998. An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: 531–553.
APG II. 2003. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 141: 399–436.
Arifkhodzhaev, A.O., Rakhimov, D.A. 1986. Polysaccarides of saponin containing plants. 3. Polysaccharides of the epigeal organs of Biebersteinia multifida. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii 6: 773–774.
Arifkhodzhaev, A.O., Rakhimov, D.A. 1993. Polysaccarides from saponin containing plants. 4. Structure of glucan-A, glucane-B and glucan-C of Biebersteinia multifida. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii 2: 188–191.
Arifkhodzhaev, A.O., Rakhimov, D.A. 1994. Polysaccharides of saponin-carrying plants. 5. Structural study of glucane-A, glucane-B, glucane-C and their oligosaccharides of Biebersteinia multifida plants. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii 6: 709–714.
Arifkhodzhaev, A.O., Arifkhodzhaev, K.A., Kondratenko, E.S. 1985. Polysaccarides of saponin containing plants. 2. Isolation and characterization of polysaccarides from Biebersteinia multifida. Khimia Prirodnykh Soedinenii 6: 755–757.
Aryavand, A. 1975. Contribution à l’étude cytotaxonomique de Biebersteinia multifida DC. (Géraniacées). C.R. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. (Paris) D 280: 1551–1554.
Bakker, F.R., Vassiliades, D.D., Morton, C., Savolainen, V. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships of Biebersteinia Stephan (Geraniaceae) inferred from rbcL and atpB sequence comparisons. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 127: 149–158.
Bate-Smith, E.C. 1973. Chemotaxonomy of Geranium. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 347–359.
Boesewinkel, F.D. 1997. Seed structure and phylogenetic relationships of the Geraniales. Bot. Jahrb. 119: 277–291.
Boissier, E. 1867. Biebersteiniae. In: Flora Orientalis. Vol. 1. H. Georg, Basilee, pp. 899–900.
Bortenschlager, S. 1967. Vorläufige Mitteilungen zur Pollenmorphologie der Geraniaceen und ihre systematische Bedeutug. Grana Palynol. 7: 400–468.
Christensen, K.I, Hansen, H.V. 1998. SEM-studies of epidermal patterns of petals in the angiosperms. Opera Bot. 135: 1–91.
Constantinidis, T.A. 1996. Biebersteinia orphanidis Boiss. Flora Mediterranea 6: 308–312.
Endlicher, S.L. 1841. Enchiridion Botanicum. Leipzig: W. Engelmann.
Farsam H., Amanlou, M., Reza Dehpour, A., Jahaniani, F. 2000. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Biebersteinia multifida DC. root extract. J. Ethnopharmacol. 71: 443–447.
Greenham, J., Vassiliades, D.D., Harborne, J.B., Williams, C.A., Eagles, J., Grayer, R.J., Veitch, N.C. 2001. A distinctive flavonoid chemistry for the anomalous genus Biebersteinia. Phytochemistry 56: 87–91.
Grierson, A.J.C., Long, D.G. 1983–2001. Flora of Bhutan, vol. 1, part 3. Edinburgh: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.
Hegnauer, R. 1989. Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen, vol. 8. Basel: Birkhäuser, pp. 513–514.
Jiangshu New Medical College. 1977. Dictionary of traditional Chinese medicine. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House.
Kamelina, O.P., Konnova, V.A. 1990. Embryological characters of the genus Biebersteinia Steph. in relation to its systematic position. Doklady Acad. Tajik SSR. 33 (3): 193–195.
Knuth, R. 1912. Biebersteinia Steph. In: Engler, A. (ed.) Das Pflanzenreich IV, vol. 129. Leipzig: W. Engelmann, pp. 546–549.
urbanov, D., Zharekeev, B.K. 1974. Alkaloids of Biebersteinia multifida and Peganum harmala from Karakalpakiya. Khimia Prirodnykh Soedinenii 5: 685–686.
Liu, J.Q., Ho, T.N., Chen, S.L., Lu, A.M. 2001. Karyomorphology of Biebersteinia Stephan (Geraniaceae) and its systematic and taxonomic significance. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. (Taipei) 42: 61–66.
Meng, J.C., Lu, H., Li, H., Yang, L.,Tan, R.X. 1999. A new antibacterial sesquiterpene glycoside and other bioactive compounds from Biebersteinia heterostemon. Spectroscopy Lett. 32: 1005–1012.
Miceli, N., Taviano, M.F., Tzakou, O., Yannitsaros, A., Vassiliades, D., Giuffrida, D., Galati, E.M. 2005. Biebersteinia orphanidis Boiss. shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Pharmacog. Mag. 1: 54–58.
Muellner, A.N., Vassiliades, D.D., Renner, S.S. 2007. Placing Biebersteiniaceae, a herbaceous clade of Sapindales, in a temporal and geographic context. Plant Syst. Evol. 266: 233–252.
Omurkamzinova, V.B., Maurel, N.D., Bikbulatova, T.N. 1991. Flavonoids from Biebersteinia multifida. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii 5: 720–721.
Reiche, K. 1889. Geraniaceae. In: Engler & Prantl, Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien III, 4. Leipzig: W. Engelmann, pp. 1–14.
Shen, S, Huang, R. 1997. Cytological and morpho-anatomical studies of Biebersteinia heterostemon Maxim. Acta Biol. Plat. Sin. 13: 5–8.
Song, Z.-C., Wang, W.-M., Fei, H. 2004. Fossil pollen records of extant angiosperms in China. Bot. Rev. 70: 425–458.
Stephan, F. 1806. Déscription de deux nouveaux genres de plantes. In: Mém. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1: 125–128.
Takhtajan, A. 1997. Diversity and classification of flowering plants. New York: Columbia University Press.
Tutel, B. 1982. Comparison of the taxonomy and leaf anatomy of the genus Biebersteinia with the other genera of Geraniaceae of Turkey. Istanbul Cnicersitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi. Sen B 4748: 51–86.
Tzakou, O., Yannitsaros, A., Vassiliades, D. 2001. Investigation of the C16:3/C18:3 fatty acid balance in leaf tissues of Biebersteinia orphanidis Boiss. (Biebersteiniaceae). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 29: 765–767.
Vassiliades, D., Yannitsaros, A. 2000. Orphanides’s best discovery. Bot. Chron. 13: 241–248.
Xu Langran, Vassiliades, D.D. 2008. Biebersteiniaceae. In: Wu Zhengyi, Raven, P.H., Hong Deyuan (eds.) Flora of China, vol. 11, pp. 31–32. Beijing: Science Press, St. Louis: Missouri Bot. Gard.
Zhang, X.F., Hu, B.L., Zhou, B.N. 1995. Studies on the active constituents of Tibetan herb Biebersteinia heterostemon Maxim. Acta Pharmaceutica Sin. 30: 211–214.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Muellner, A.N. (2010). Biebersteiniaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (eds) Flowering Plants. Eudicots. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14397-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14397-7_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-14396-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-14397-7
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)