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The Apicoplast: An Ancient Algal Endosymbiont of Apicomplexa

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Structures and Organelles in Pathogenic Protists

Part of the book series: Microbiology Monographs ((MICROMONO,volume 17))

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Abstract

The discovery of a chloroplast in the Apicomplexa came as a surprise as these are nonphotosynthetic parasites that historically had been the domain of zoologists. This organelle, the apicoplast is essential for parasite survival and its metabolism is intensively pursued as the source of new targets for antiparasitic drugs, in particular new antimalarials. The apicoplast has a remarkable evolutionary history, and this history is reflected in its complex structure and cell biology. A cyanobacterium and two eukaryotes have contributed to the genesis of this organelle and their contributions can still be traced today. This chapter sets out by briefly summarizing the studies that led to the discovery of the apicoplast followed by an overview of our most current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of apicoplast protein import, apicoplast division and replication and apicoplast metabolism.

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Acknowledgments

Research in our laboratory is funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health to Boris Striepen, to Swati Agrawal who is the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the American Heart Association, to Lilach Sheiner who is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Swiss National Science Fund, and to thank Giel van Dooren for many contributions.

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  1. Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases & Department for Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Swati Agrawal, Sethu Nair, Lilach Sheiner & Boris Striepen

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  1. Swati Agrawal
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  2. Sethu Nair
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Correspondence to Boris Striepen .

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    W. de Souza

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Agrawal, S., Nair, S., Sheiner, L., Striepen, B. (2010). The Apicoplast: An Ancient Algal Endosymbiont of Apicomplexa. In: de Souza, W. (eds) Structures and Organelles in Pathogenic Protists. Microbiology Monographs, vol 17. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12863-9_11

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