Abstract
The paper presents a summary of the lectures on planetary ionospheres given at NASA’s 1st Asia Pacific School on International Heliophysical Year conducted at Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Kodaikanal, India during 10–22 December 2007. Following an introduction, the paper describes the structure of the ionospheres, theory of Earth’s ionosphere including the effects of diffusion, neutral wind and electric field, and ionospheric electric fields, currents and variability.
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Balan, N. (2010). Planetary Ionospheres. In: Gopalswamy, N., Hasan, S., Ambastha, A. (eds) Heliophysical Processes. Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11341-3_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11341-3_12
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