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Nanoscience pp 267–313Cite as

Nanocrystalline Materials

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Abstract

The design of nanocrystalline solids with novel properties different from the chemically identical coarse-grained counterparts was an early and most fruitful contribution to nanoscience [6.1, 6.2]. Nanocrystalline materials are polycrystals with a crystallite size usually in the 10-nm range and atomically disordered crystallite interfaces with a substantial volume fraction. The macroscopic properties are, therefore, dominated by the small crystallite size, giving rise to confinement effects, and the interfacial structure. Crystallites and interfaces may be of the same or of different chemical composition, composites of different materials may be fabricated, dimensionality may play a role, and a plethora of synthesis routes is available (see Chap. 3). The wide field is covered by early reviews [6.3–6.6], monographs [6.7, 6.8], and an encyclopedia (see [6.9]). In this chapter, recent developments in the field of nanocrystalline solids will be reviewed, including aspects such as atomic simulation, structure of interfaces , plasticity , strength , superplasticity , fatigue , composites , ceramics , diffusion, and surface-induced manipulation of the properties of nanomaterials.

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  1. Fak. Mathematik und Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Theoretische und Angewandte Physik, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany

    Prof. Dr. Hans-Eckhardt Schaefer

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Schaefer, HE. (2010). Nanocrystalline Materials . In: Nanoscience. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10559-3_6

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