Abstract
In the research work described in the first four chapters, several compounds, such as Dufulin and GU188, were identified with high bioactivities against plant virus such as TMV or CMV. Afterwards, a great deal of work in this area was carried out, which included the preparation of Dufulin formulation (SC, EC, and WP), optimization of synthetic conditions, and studies on health toxicity evaluation, field trial bioassay, residue analysis, environmental behavior, systemic behaviors, as well as mode of action. Based on these work, Dufulin and its formulation were granted temporary registrations by the Ministry of Agriculture of China and were put into industrial production for large scale field application. Besides, some basic mechanicstic research on the mode of action of Dufulin was conducted which proved that Dufulin exerts its function through a new mechanism by activating the plant immune system. Extensive R&D work on cyanoacrylate derivative GU188 was also undertaken which included the synthesis optimization, bioassays, field trial, toxicity evaluation, and mode of aciton investigation. It was demonstrated that GU188 is another highly active potential antiviral agents for plants. The bioassay and mechanism of another antiviral product for plants, named “Jingtuling”(0.5% amino-oligosaccharin aqua), which was produced from the marine biowastes, were also studied.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Van Loon LC. Systemic induced resistance. In: Slusarenko AJ, Fraser RSS, van Loon LC, eds. Mechanisms of Resistance to Plant Diseases. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2000, 521–574.
Hammerschmidt R Induced resistance: How do induced plants stop pathogens? Physiol. Mol. Plant. Pathol. 1999, 55, 77–84
Ryals J, Neuenschwan der U H, Willits M G, et al. Systemic acquired resistance. Plant Cell, 1996, 8, 1809–1819.
Malamy J, Carr JP, Klessig DF, et al. Salicylic acid: a likely endogenous signal in the resistance response of tobacco to viral infection Science. 1990, 250, 1002–1004.
Yalpani N, Silverman P, Wilson TM A, et al. salicylic-acid is a systemic signal and an inducer of pathogen es is-related proteins in virus-infected tobacco. Plant Cell 1991, 3, 809–818.
Metraux JP, Signer H, Ryals J, et al. increase in salicylic acid at the onset of systemic acquired resistance in cucumber. Science 1990, 250, 1004–1006.
Zhang GP, Song BA, Xue, W, et al. Synthesis and biological activities of novel dialkyl l-(4-trifluoromethylphenylamino)-l-(4-trifluoromethyl-or 3-fluoro-phenyl) methylphos phonate. J. Fluorine Chem 2006, 127, 48–53.
Koukol J, Conn EE. The metabolism of aromatic: compounds in higher plants IV.Purification and properties of the phenylalanine deaminase of Herdeum Vulagare. J. Biol. Chem 1961, 23, 2692–2698.
Rao MV, Paliyath G, Ormrod DP. Ultraviolet-B-and ozone-induced biochemical changes in antioxidant enzymes of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol 1996, 110, 125–136.
Castillo FJ, Penel C, Greppin H. Peroxidase release induced by ozone in sedum album leaves: involvement of Ca2+. Plant Physiol 1984, 74, 846–851.
Dhindsa RA, Plumb-Dhindsa P, Thorpe TA. Leaf senescence: correlated with increased permeability and lipid peroxidation, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase. J. Exp. Bot 1981, 126, 93–101.
Sükran D, Tohit G, Ridvan S. Spectrophotometry determination of chlorophyll-A, B and total carotenoid contents of some algae species using different solvents. Armais botany 1998, 22, 13–17.
Porra RJ, Grimme LH. A new procedure for the determination of chlorophylls a and b and its application to normal and regreening Chlorella A new procedure for the determination of chlorophylls a and b and its application to normal and regreening. Chlorella 1974, 57, 255–267.
Achuo EA, Audenaert K, Höfte, M, et al. The salicylic acid-dependent defence pathway is effective against different pathogens in tomato and tobacco. Plant Pathology 2004, 53, 65–72.
Raskin I, Turner IM, Melander WR. Regulation of heat production in the inflorescences of an Arum lily by endogenous salicylic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989, 86, 2214–2218.
Wilkinson, M.F. Purification of RNA. In essential molecular biology: A practical approach (ed. Brown, T.A). Oxford University Press New York USA 1991, 1, 69–86.
Yuan JS, Reed A, Chen F, et al. Statistical analysis of real-time PCR data. BMC Biomform 2006, 7, 85.
Paent JG, Asselin A. Detection of pathogenesis-related (PR or b) and of other proteins in the intercellular fluid of hypersentitive plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus. Can J. Bot 1984, 62, 564–569.
Rathmell WG, Sequeria L. Soluble peroxidase in fluid from the intercellular spaces of tobacco leaves. Plant Physiol 1974, 53:317–318.
Bauer D, Warthoe P, Rohde M, et al. Detection and differential display of expressed genes by DDRT-PCR. PCR Methods Appl Manual Supplement (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, USA). 1994, S97–S108.
Liang P, Pardee A. Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Science 1992, 257, 967–970.
Lee J, Cooper B. Alternative workflows for plant proteomic analysis. Mol Biosyst 2006, 2, 621–626.
Florens L, Washburn MP. Proteomic analysis by multidimensional protein identification technology. Methods Mol. Biol 2006, 328, 159–175.
Ünlü M, Morgan ME, Minden JS. Difference gel electrophoresis. A single gel method for detecting changes in protein extracts. Electrophoresis 1997, 18, 2071–2077.
References
Prelog V. Chirality in chemistry. Science 1976, 193(4247), 17–24.
Garay AS. Molecular chirality of life and intrinsic chirality of matter. Nature 1978, 271, 186.
Inoue Y. Synthetic chemistry: light on chirality. Nature 2005, 436, 1099–1100.
Liu WP, Gan JY, Schlenk D, et al. Enantioselectivity in environmental safety of current chiral insecticides. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. U.SA 2005, 102, 701–706.
Liu WP, Gan JY, Qin SJ. Separation and aquatic toxicity of enantiomers of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. Chirality 2005, 17, 127–133.
Hayes T, Haston K, Tsui M, et al. Atrazine-induced hermaphroditism at 0.1 ppb in American leopard frogs (Ranapipiens), laboratory and field evidence. Environ Health Perspect 2003, 111, 568–575.
Lewis DL, Garrison AW, Wommack KE, et al. Influence of environmental changes on degradation of chiral pollutants in soils. Nature 1999, 401, 898–901.
Kohler HPE, Angst W, Giger W, et al. Environmental fate of chiral pollutants the necessity of considering stereochemistry. Chimia 1997, 51, 947–951.
Buser HR, Muller MD, Poiger T, et al. Environmental behavior of the chiral acetamide pesticide metalaxyl: Enantioselective degradation and chiral stability in soil. Environ Sci. Technol 2002, 36, 221–226.
Garrison AW. Probing the enantio selectivity of chiral pesticides. Environ Sci. Technol 2006, 40, 16–23.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Chemical Industry Press, Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Song, B., Jin, L., Yang, S., Bhadury, P.S. (2010). Innovation and Application of Environment-Friendly Antiviral Agents for Plants. In: Environment-Friendly Antiviral Agents for Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03692-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03692-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-03691-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-03692-7
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)