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Desert Plants pp 371–406Cite as

Biology and Multiplication of Prosopis species Grown in the Thar Desert

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Abstract

Prosopis (Mesquite) trees are members of the Fabaceae family. They are the ‘backbone’ plants of many xeriscape environments including the Thar Desert because of their ability to fix nitrogen and tolerate aridity. Leguminous tree products are economically important sources of food, fodder, firewood, timber and soil fertility enrichment. Improvement in quality attributes through selection, modification and mass production of germplasm is desirable. Sexual and asexual methods have been developed and used for multiplication of P. cineraria and P. juliflora. Propagation through seeds is the most common practice for raising quality trait seedlings for new plantations in arid areas. Vegetative methods for propagation, such as cuttings, suckers, air layering and tissue cultures are available but more efforts towards their refinement are still required, particularly with regards nursery and laboratory techniques, before commercial cultivation. Multiplication of germplasm through plant tissue culture methods is one of the applications of biotechnology via which elite trees can be mass produced rapidly. Various problems are encountered with tissue culture of P. cineraria and P. juliflora therefore this technique is still at the laboratory stage and requires more research effort. Thus, macro propagation must be utilised for genetic improvement and large-scale production of desired plants. This chapter also describes aspects of the eco-biology and economic importance with regard to the development of arid and semi-arid regions.

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  1. Division of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India

    R. Raj Bhansali

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  1. Botany Dept., M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313002, India

    K.G. Ramawat

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Bhansali, R.R. (2010). Biology and Multiplication of Prosopis species Grown in the Thar Desert. In: Ramawat, K. (eds) Desert Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02550-1_18

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