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Processing (Primary Forming) of Plastics into Structural Components

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Book cover Polymers - Opportunities and Risks I

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 11))

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Abstract

The next step in the engineering cycle after properies is processing. The different process techniques influence the design, properties, and life time of a component during use. Therefore, the opportunities and risks associated with the application of polymer components are also influenced by processing. This chapter summarizes a multitude of processing techniques for the very different kinds and structures of plastics, including rapid prototyping.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    More exactly: dynamic viscosity μ Nsm2 ≙1 Pa sOlder dimension: 1 poise (P) ≙ 0.1 Pa s; 1 Centipoise (cP) ≙ 1 millipascal second (mPa s); also called kinematic viscosity

    $$ \upsilon = \frac{\eta }{\rho }:\upsilon..c{m}^2{s}^{ - 1}\overset{\wedge}= Stokes(st)$$
  2. 2.

    Plastic flow is the persistent deformation observed in solid bodies when a certain minimum strain level (flow point) is exceeded; viscous flow, on the other hand is the persistent deformation in the entropy elastic range as well as in the melt or flow range of plastics.

  3. 3.

    In the widest sense, an amorphous thermoplastic is actually a melt at any temperature. Below flow temperature, the melt is more or less congealed. In semicrystalline thermoplastics this applies to the amorphous ranges, so that the above considerations apply to thermoplastics in general.

  4. 4.

    soon to become DIN EN ISO 14527.

  5. 5.

    soon to become DIN EN ISO 14530.

  6. 6.

    soon to become DIN EN ISO 15252.

  7. 7.

    Urea resin (UF).

  8. 8.

    Melamine resin (MF).

  9. 9.

    Phenolic resin (PF).

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  1. Fraunhofer-Institut für Chemische Technologie ICT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer Straße 7, 76327, Pfinztal, Germany

    Peter Eyerer, Volker Gettwert & Axel Kauffman

  2. Institut für Kunststofftechnik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 32, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany

    Michael Kroh

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    Peter Eyerer

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Eyerer, P., Gettwert, V., Kauffman, A., Kroh, M. (2010). Processing (Primary Forming) of Plastics into Structural Components. In: Eyerer, P. (eds) Polymers - Opportunities and Risks I. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry(), vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88417-0_4

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