Abstract
The common approaches to modeling and analyzing complex socio-technical systems, of which Critical Information Infrastructures is one example, assumes that they can be completely specified. The methods emphasize how systems are composed or structured and how component failures propagate. Since socio-technical systems always are underspecified, they cannot be analyzed in the same way. The alternative is to focus on their functions, and how the variability of functions can combine to create non-linear effects. An example of that is the Functional Resonance Analysis method (FRAM).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Perrow, C.: Normal accidents: Living with high risk technologies. Basic Books, Inc., New York (1984)
Finkelstein, A., Dowell, J.: A comedy of errors: the London Ambulance Service case study. In: Proc. 8th International Workshop on Software Specification & Design IWSSD-8, pp. 2–4. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (1996)
Albrechtsen, E., Hovden, J.: Industrial safety management and information security management: risk characteristics and management approaches. In: Proceedings of ESREL 2007 (2007)
Conant, R.C., Ashby, W.R.: Every good regulator of a system must be a model of that system. International Journal of Systems Science 1(2), 89–97 (1970)
Hollnagel, E.: Barriers and accident prevention. Ashgate, Aldershot (2004)
Mercadier, V.: When incident command system fails. University of Berkeley, Berkely (2007)
Nouvel, D., Travadel, S., Hollnagel, E.: Introduction of the concept of functional resonance in the analysis of a near-accident in aviation. In: 33rd ESReDA Seminar: Future challenges of accident investigation, Ispra, Italy, November 13-14 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hollnagel, E. (2008). Critical Information Infrastructures: Should Models Represent Structures or Functions?. In: Harrison, M.D., Sujan, MA. (eds) Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. SAFECOMP 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5219. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87698-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87698-4_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-87697-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-87698-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)